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Photo of James A. Barker

James Alexander Barker loved to be outdoors and volunteered for service in the U.S. Army's 10th Mountain Division during World War II. He was a member of the 85th Infantry, Company L. James left for training at Camp Hale in Colorado on August 27, 1943. In January 1945, James, now promoted to Sergeant and assistant squad leader, left with his battalion to join the war in Italy. Once in Italy, detailed plans were made to coordinate the efforts of the various groups within the 10th to climb the ridges and drive the Germans from the area one mountain at a time. At 11 pm on February 19th, members of the 85th and 87th infantries hiked Mt. Belvedere in the dark. James' group led the hike up the steeper side of the mountain, moving skillfully and silently into their positions. The German troops on Mt. Belvedere were experienced soldiers who had been defending the territory for over a year, so the Americans were going to have to fight smart and hard to win. The assault began before the sun came up the next day. The fiercest fighting took place right where James' battalion was positioned, just below the summits of Mt. Belvedere and Gorgolesco. James made a courageous move, leading a squad of men across the rugged terrain into enemy fire. His goal: to fire his rifle grenades with maximum effectiveness. As he went out to do so, James, just 22 years old, was injured by an enemy grenade and died almost instantly. He was one of the 192 men who were killed in the battle on Mt. Belvedere. After his death, James was awarded a Bronze Star for "heroic achievement in action." Provided by Lisa and Mark Newman. Lisa is the Great Niece of Sgt James A Barker.

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Letter from the War Department, KIA James A. Barker

This letter was written by Major General J.A. Uljio informing James A. Barker's parents of his death. James was killed in action during the battle on Mt. Belvedere on February 20th, 1945. James was a Sergeant in Company L, 85th Mountain Infantry. Provided by Lisa and Mark Newman. Lisa is the Great Niece of Sgt James A Barker.

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Photos of Soldier in Arctic White Camo

Dressed in white camouflage, he blends into the alpine landscape, an image emblematic of mountain warfare training during World War II. The photograph captures the fusion of skiing skill and military readiness required of troops operating in high-altitude winter conditions. He is equipped with a rifle, rucksack and cover, skis, mountaineering boots, and pools. The soldier shown is unknown at this time. Photos provided by the Dole Family Collection.

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Lithographs from the John Marshall Coon Collection

These lithographs were taken from Mussolini's villa by 10th Mountain Division solider John Marshall Coon. John, ASN 17026373, was from Minnehaha South Dakota, enlisted at Ft Snelling Minnesota on September 4, 1941, before the war started. He was 20 years old (born in 1921) and had completed 4 years of high school, working as an actor. In 1943, he was transferred to Camp Hale, first with L-85, then transferred to Service Company for 85th Regiment's medical section - possibly as a litter bearer or driver. He went with the 85th to Camp Swift, Texas in 1944, then in combat to Italy in 1945. These lithographs were generously donated to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Rev Carolyn Mowchan (2024.12).

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Letter from Donald Macdonald to Parents (April 15, 1943)

This letter was written by Donald Macdonald (PFC, Company E, 85th Mountain Infantry) on April 15, 1943. Donald starts by explaining that camp is in the middle of nowhere, Camp Hale, Colorado, and that is why it takes so long for him to get letters. Donald explains that his barracks were quarantined because of measles at camp. He goes on to explain that everyone there has the same cough as him, likely referring to the "Pando Hack," as it's not referred to. The Pando Hack was essentially a miserable cough that was caused from the nearby railroad, which infiltrated the air with enormous amounts of coal smoke and often caused soldiers to have to transfer into a different division. A thick layer of smoke would sit in the valley, encouraging the soldiers to climb above the smog to breathe clean air. He mentions a friend that is a ski instructor at Cooper Hill. And he then goes on to describe some of his ski clothing, including the double sided parka. This letter was generously provided by the Macdonald Family - Anne and Donald.

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Letter from Donald Macdonald to Parents (April 4, 1945)

This letter was written by Donald Macdonald (PFC, Company E, 85th Mountain Infantry) on April 4, 1945. Donald starts out explaining that he's been busy on patrol and not able to write. Donald says he'd rather talk about home than war in his letter. If he can't say anything, he forgets it. He tells his folks not to read between the lines in his letters. Donald hasn't had much time to study Italian. He states that he can't tell them what he's doing right now and it's pointless to tell them what he's done because it doesn't much matter by the time they'll get his letter. Towards the end of the letter Donald mentions Debbie Bankhart. When the military wanted to form the 10th Mountain Division, Deborah – one of the country's first female ski instructors and the first female ski school director - jumped right in to help. She was involved in recruiting as well volunteering on the front lines with the Red Cross. This letter was generously provided by the Macdonald Family - Anne and Donald.

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Letter from Donald Macdonald to Parents (March 11, 1945)

This letter was written by Donald Macdonald (PFC, Company E, 85th Mountain Infantry) on March 11, 1945. Donald is doing well. He catches up with his folks and discusses the arrival of various letters. He mentioned learning the Italian language a bit and Mt. Belvedere, but that he can't really say much about what is going on. Donald mentions being awarded with the Combat Infantry Badge. Donald closes by mentioning that you can get pretty drunk on Italian wine and that you regret it the next day. He requests another package from his mother and signs off. This letter was generously provided by the Macdonald Family - Anne and Donald.

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Photos of Edwin H. Vale in Italy

Edwin Vale served in the 10th Mountain Division (PFC - Company F - 87th Mountain Infantry) during World War II and was deployed to Alaska then Italy. He trained at Camp Hale, Colorado. These photos were taken in Italy. Drafted December 7, 1942 (age 28 yrs); Hqs Co 2d Bn 87th Inf. Battles and campaigns: Aleutian Islands GO 33 WD 45; North Apennines & Po Valley GO 40 WD 45 Decorations and citations: EAME Theater Ribbon and Two Bronze Service Stars; AP Theater Ribbon and One Bronze service Star; American Theater Ribbon and Good Conduct Medal Date of separation: November 4, 1945 Generously provided by SuDonna Cilliers.

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Photos of Edwin H. Vale at Camp Hale

Edwin Vale served in the 10th Mountain Division (PFC - Company F - 87th Mountain Infantry) during World War II and was deployed to Alaska then Italy. He trained at Camp Hale, Colorado. These photos were taken at Camp Hale. Drafted December 7, 1942 (age 28 yrs); Hqs Co 2d Bn 87th Inf. Battles and campaigns: Aleutian Islands GO 33 WD 45; North Apennines & Po Valley GO 40 WD 45 Decorations and citations: EAME Theater Ribbon and Two Bronze Service Stars; AP Theater Ribbon and One Bronze service Star; American Theater Ribbon and Good Conduct Medal Date of separation: November 4, 1945 Generously provided by SuDonna Cilliers.

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Transcribed Letter from Ben Duke to Mrs. Abbott (March 30, 1945)

This letter was written in 1945 by Harold Benjamin Duke Jr. (Sergeant - Company L - 86th Mountain Infantry) to the mother, Mrs. Abbott, of a 10th Mountain Division soldier, Stuart E. Abbott (Serial number: 36754248, Company L, 86th Mountain Infantry). Stuart was tragically killed on Mt. Belvedere and Ben writes this moving letter in response. "With the memory of a 'good guy' and a brave soldier..." Generously provided by Ben Duke.

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Letter from George Morrison to Parents (June 27, 1945)

...We got off at Vidiciatico and hiked about 12 miles to within yards of the German lines. We had a hard time finding the buildings and I was falling and slipping on the ice and snow but somehow, after getting lost, I caught up with a couple of fellows and we made it to an old stone house. The company was in these two houses the few hours of the morning Feb. 17 and left at dark for the attack up to Riva Ridge. It was cold and I helped carry signal wire up a ways and keep the line open to the company going up. I went back to the house where I helped with 1st Sgt. Shaffer (1st Sgt. Olin Shaffer 86th - C) stay on the phone both day and night. I took the messages to Battalion one night through enemy territory and I had that rifle ready to kill if I saw a shadow move. I had to go through snow over a hill and through deserted villages and with the moonlight every tree made a shadow like a person and enemy. I got a couple of hours rest then took over the phone. When I was on I had to call Battalion and report they reached the ridge and made it o.k. The next day they had a fire fight. I reported some artillery which came in near us. That night of the 19 of Feb. the weather was cold and I was talking to a Lt. friend (1st Lt. John McCown 86th - C KIA?) who was up on the ridge. At 2 AM of the 20th, he went out because of a patrol (Jerry) was attacking them again on the right flank. He was killed with about 10 other friends of mine. 3 fellows were captured. I heard a couple of days ago that one fellow who was captured got home... …We were pinned down while our artillery put in a barrage over our head on to a level spot a few yards over us. I can't explain myself, it is a wonder I am not gray haired now. It lasted for a 1/2 hour, but God must have been with me. The men killed behind me, but any way we continued and I saw a German and fired at him others did also. I think he was killed. ...April 23 at San Benedetto, crossed the Po River. We had been drinking champagne and wine till every one was almost drunk. The attack went on, fast and couldn't stop us. It did take about six days to reach the mt overlooking the Po Valley though. We crossed the river. I went up to Bussolengo, spent the night in a town and had some more wine, ate bread and a couple of fried eggs. We went up to Lake Garda and the 86th had a hard time going up to the north part of the lake. The Germans had everything ready. I went up to the end of the lake in a duck and brought up the mail I had. We stayed there and didn't attack and a day or two later we found out the war was over. It rained a lot and it was cold and damp. Were afraid to build fires or have lights for fear the Germans would shell us, but I guess the war was over for us here in Italy. I was so glad that I went in bed and didn't worry much about artillery fire. Fellows fired their rifles and pistols, but I just went to bed, May 2, 1945…

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Parents (December 8, 1944)

Wilbur Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) wrote his parents on December 8, 1944, to tell them not to worry and let them know that he might not be able to write as much. The 10th Mountain Division sailed for the Italian front in two parts, with the 86th Infantry and support leaving Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia on December 11, 1944, aboard the SS Argentina and arriving in Naples, Italy on December 22. The 85th and 87th Infantry left Hampton Roads, Virginia on January 4, 1945, aboard the SS West Point and arrived on January 13, 1945.

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Ski Poles Donated by H. Benjamin Duke Jr.

H. Benjamin Duke Jr. was inducted into the Colorado Snowsports Hall of Fame in 1996 as a Sport Builder. During World War II, Ben served with distinctions in the 10th Mountain Division. After service, he moved to Colorado where he was elected to the Board of Directors of Vail Associates in 1966 where he served for nearly 20 years. These 10th Mountain Division ski poles were donated to the CSM by Ben Duke. A pair of poles was issued with each pair of skis as a means of helping maintain the balance of the soldier and to aid in pushing forward. Ben served in the 10th Mountain Division as a Third Platoon Sergeant in Company L, 86th Regiment, under the command of long-time Vail Mountain Operations Director Bill Brown. "Summing him up, he was the quiet man of Vail and Colorado skiing and yet he played an extremely important role with Vail Associates, the Vail Valley Foundation, on the Masters ski racing circuit, and on the 105h Mountain Trail Board. His accomplishments far out-weighed his visibility," Bob Parker once said. Bob was the former senior vice president of Vail Associates and a contemporary of Ben's in the 10th Mountain Division.

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Sandy Treat Skiing

Sanford Morris “Sandy” Treat Jr. was in Hanover, New Hampshire, when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. Like most of his generation, he was anxious to serve. In 1942, he learned that the United States Army was forming a division of ski troopers. Private Sandy Treat was among the first arrivals in the 10th Mountain Division and stepped off the train in Camp Hale, Colorado, among construction workers and building material. He trained so much he became a Drill Sergeant. Sandy finished the war in Army Intelligence in the north of Spain. These photos show Sandy Treat training - and excelling in skiing.

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Folks (October 1943)

This letters is from Wilbur Vaughan to his parents discussing his work at Camp Hale, moving up ranks, that the 10th Mountain Division was officially activated, German POWs, and more. The letter was written on October 17, 1943. This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to Folks – D-Series Easter Maneuvers (April 16, 1944)

This letters is from Wilbur Vaughan to his parents after the D-Series, Easter Maneuvers. The letter was written on April 16, 1944. This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5.5

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Andrea Keller at Camp Hale (August 1944)

This photo, from the Mary Davis Collection, shows Women's Army Corps soldier Andrea Keller at Camp Hale on August 28, 1944.

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Soldiers Training – Red Hat Bands

This photo shows 10th Mountain Division soldiers partaking in war games or some kind of training at Camp Hale. David Little, expert historian, comments that, traditionally, the opposing forces during training wore red armbands or helmet bands to signify they were the opposition. At Camp Hale, white armbands were instructors. He thinks it looks like an OpFor (opposition force) during training or war games - possibly the D Series. Gerard Cortese goes on to say, if it is D Series, then members from the 87th were the red team or OpFor. He understands that they picked their regiment for this due to their experience from the Aleutian campaign. Robert B. Colville (A, 87th) is in the top row, second from the right, looking to his right. Little goes on to explain that one should note that they are wearing fatigue jackets (HBT), and there isn't evidence of warm clothing implying this might not be the D series. David Butterfield adds that we should remember that the D Series occurred at high altitude in fairly extreme weather conditions and some expectations of 10th capabilities were not met. Some aspects were outright failures. This photo looks very springy and warm and is perhaps some other less arduous exercise or drill. This photo is from the Mindock Family Collection. Stephen W. Mindock was in Company A - 87th Mountain Infantry. These photos are some of our very rare color photos.

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Ski Trooper and His Dog

The initial population of Camp Hale included 15,000 soldiers; 3,000 administrative, medical and other non-skiing staff, 5,000 mules and 200 dogs. There were also 200 WACs stationed here. Experienced skiers and young outdoorsmen were happy to be at Camp Hale, forging their relationship with Colorado’s mountains.

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Parents — Victory in Italy (May 2, 1945)

This letter was written by Wilbur Vaughan to his parents during victory in Italy, written on May 2, 1945. Here, he described that his training at Camp Hale was harder than the maneuvers here. He is in Lake Garda and had just left the Po Valley. The 10th was charged with capturing Italian dictator Benito Mussolini’s villa on Lake Garda and the headquarters of his Italian Social Republic government in Salo. Three amphibious trucks (known as DUKs), each carrying 25 men and heavy machine guns, were launched on Lake Garda to take Mussolini’s strongholds. One DUK capsized, killing 24 of 25 soldiers on board. The 10th captured and occupied Mussolini’s abandoned villa without losing another man. On May 2, 1945, Germany surrendered to the Allies in Florence, Italy, ending the 10th’s Italian campaign. Although this happened on the day that Wilbur wrote this letter, as he mentions, he was unaware of this surrender at the time of writing. This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5.31

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Parents After the D-Series (April 16, 1944)

This letter, written by Wilbur Vaughan, to his parents was written at the end of the D-Series, written on April 16, 1944. Here, Wilbur discusses the rugged experience of the D-Series and thanks his parents for the gifts they sent. He's happy to be back at Camp Hale! This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5.13

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Unidentified Soldiers Training at Camp Hale

These color photographs show various 10th Mountain Division soldiers training at Camp Hale. These men have yet to be identified. Do you recognize them? Please let us know if you can put a name to each face. These photos are from the Mindock Family Collection and show great examples of the 10th clothing and equipment. Stephen W. Mindock was in Company A - 87th Mountain Infantry. These photos are some of our very rare color photos.

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Photo of Dick Over at Camp Hale

This photo shows Dick Over. Dick served his country proudly during World War II as a member of the 10th and saw action in the Aleutian Islands off the coast of Alaska. For nearly 70 years, he has shared the heroic story of the 10th Mountain Division. Dick was truly a great man who was proud of his deep connection to the 10th Mountain Division and loved the Colorado Snowsports Museum. Dick was a 2014 Lifetime Achievement Annual Award recipient, served on the Museum's Board of Directors, helped with numerous projects at the resource center, and volunteered countless hours educating Museum visitors through presentations and meet and greets.

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Parents About the Beginning of the D-Series (April 5, 1944)

This letter, from Wilbur Vaughan to his parents, is about the beginning of the D-Series, Middle of Maneuvers. The letter discusses the elevation, weather, living outside, the conditions, and more. This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5.10

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Scrapbook of Robert Weldon

Robert K. Weldon was in Company H, 87th Mountain Infantry. This is his scrapbook that pictorially details his time with the 10th and more. The cartoons he collected and drawings he made make this book unique. During his time in Italy, it appears he was able to see a lot of tourist attractions and important landmarks. Under the provisions of the Selective Service Act, the superintendent oversaw three draft registrations at designated stations in Mount Rainier National Park between July 1941 and April 1942, each one auguring a loss of park personnel to the Armed Services. Robert, district park ranger at Paradise, was the first permanent staff member to be inducted into the army, while many temporary staff members volunteered at the end of the season. This book was donated to the Museum by the Weldon Family - with special thanks to Forrest Weldon.

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Scrapbook from Herbert E. Ruprecht

Herbert E. Ruprecht was a member of the National Ski Patrol System and was instrumental with helping promote and recruit soldiers for the 10th Mountain Division. His scrapbook shows various promotional methods used to try to recruit men (page 8 and 9). Included here is a letter from Minnie Dole and other communications as well as a fascinating mix of photos from Herbert's time in La Crosse, Wisconsin, Chicago, and elsewhere. Page 7 of this book provides an introduction to the scrapbook by Herbert himself on National Ski Patrol letterhead. This book was digitally donated to the CSM by the Ruprecht Family. Thank you to Maryann for all her help in making this happen.

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Photos of Pete Seibert

During World War II, Peter W. Seibert (Company F, 86th Mountain Infantry) trained with the 10th Mountain Division and suffered a devastating leg wound. After 17 months in Army hospitals, he returned to skiing and qualified for the 1950 US Alpine Ski Team. His lifelong dream to develop and own a major ski resort came true when he discovered Vail Mountain in 1957. He built the Vail Ski Resort in 1962 and served as the first president of Vail Associates

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Photos of Sandy Treat (c. 1940s)

During World War II, Sanford Morris ‘Sandy’ Treat Jr. volunteered for the 10th Mountain Division. Private Sandy Treat was among the first arrivals in the 10th Mountain Division and stepped off the train in Camp Hale, Colorado, among construction workers and building material. He trained so much he became a trainer himself. The Army calls it a Drill Sergeant. Sandy finished the war in Army Intelligence in the north of Spain. From Deerfield, he had become fluent in Spanish, and his mission was to find and capture fleeing Nazis. He mustered out in late 1945 and returned to Dartmouth where he captained the ski team and graduated in June of 1949. He returned to Colorado in 1986 and became one of the most dominating male Masters skiers of his class. In 2009, he had a serious crash that ended his career, but his commitment to Colorado skiing continued. He put his time and effort into Foresight Ski Guides to help visually impaired skiers and the Vail Veterans Program helping bring injured soldiers to Colorado. Sandy was in Company H, 86th Mountain Infantry. These photos (c. 1940s) show Sandy skiing, on furlough, and with family. Sandy was a long-time volunteer at the Colorado Snowsports Museum, sharing tales of the 10th Mountain Division and what it was like to train at Camp Hale. We are forever indebted to him for his continued support of the Colorado Snowsports Museum. He inspired so many young generations. His spirit lives on at the CSM.

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Citation for Daniel Fantoni (March 29, 1945)

Daniel Fantoni, who entered the army from Denver, Colorado, was given this citation after showing heroic actions during combat - putting the safety and healing of others before his own safety. Daniel Fantoni (Technician Fifth Grade, Medical Department, Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry), Medic This roster was provided to us by Danny and Virginia Fantoni and their family.

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Army Citations and Eugene S. Hames’s Bronze Star Award (July 17 & 24, 1945)

This citation, page one, details why Eugene S. Hames, Platoon Leader, 2nd Lieutenant, received a Bronze Star Award on July 17, 1945. Eugene Hames received a Bronze Star award for the selfless sacrifices he made during World War II and for meritorious service in combat on April 15, 1945, near Castel d’Aiano, Italy. In pursuance of his duties as platoon leader, Eugene displayed excellent leadership and great courage. While in combat, he moved forward to the front element under direct enemy observation to assist his depleted and tired platoon. His loyal devotion to duty under trying circumstances is truly worth commendation and praise. The second communication details why various recipients received Bronze Star Awards, Oak Leaf Cluster to Bronze Star Awards, Purple Heart Awards, and an Amendment of General Orders. Names included are: John Lowatti, Charles W. Hanks, Edward H. Bode Jr., Francis W. Sargent. Object ID: 2020.13.1

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to His Parents (March 5, 1943)

This letter is from Wilbur G. Vaughan (Company HQ, 3rd - 86th Mountain Infantry) to his parents on March 5th, 1943 from Camp Roberts in California. Here Wilbur talks about riding jeeps and having fun. It rained a lot and this made the terrain more thrilling. He says he wants to get himself one to go skiing in after the war. Wilbur goes on to say he went to Paso Robles and danced and bowled. He also went to Pismo Beach (central coast). They ate at Wild Goose Cafe and made sure to take their time and eat everything. Wilbur goes on to explain that, back at camp, he is in charge of the classroom and library. He's able to study while on duty here. This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5.1.1-5

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Letter from Eugene Hames to his Parents (March 12, 1945)

This letter (March 12, 1945) is from Eugene S. Hames to his parents, and as he humorously explains, that this is the longest letter he has ever written. He explains he's seen combat and can no longer avoid mentioning that to his parents. Eugene is in Italy and posted up in a hotel for the night. He's relaxing, able to drink some beer, eat candy, and take a much-needed shower. He was thrilled to change his clothes. He also mentions that there is a photo station and that he'll try to send them a photo. Eugene expresses uncertainty about the War and frustrations with German and Japanese troops. He describes the warm spring weather and appears to be homesick. Eugene closes by mentioning that he could write a much more interesting letter if it weren't for censorship and complains about the time it takes to get mail. He says he could give personal stories from the frontline, but that he'd rather forget those memories. He then discusses money orders and his parents as his beneficiary. Throughout the letter, he keeps a playful sense of humor - despite some of the horrors he's seen thus far. Eugene S. Hames was a Platoon Leader, 2nd Lieutenant (Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry). This letter is courtesy of the Thomas E. Hames Family Collection.

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Photo of Graydon T. Fuller

Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). The third photo shows Graydon on furlough in 1943. He was born July 19, 1924, in Cedar Falls, Iowa, the son of Graydon "Ted" and Josephine (Markussen) Fuller Sr. He graduated from Cedar Falls High School in 1942 and attended Iowa State Teachers College (UNI) for one year. He served his country in the United States Army during World War II. He married Jeanette Eells in Fairbank, Iowa on June 14, 1946. He was employed as an electroplater and in shipping and receiving at Doefer's Engineering for 25 years, retiring in 1990. In 1941, he won the State High Board Diving Championship, and later became the diving coach for the Cedar Falls High School Swim team. He loved singing and was very loyal to the United Methodist Church choir and the Les Hale Metropolitan Chorale, and sang for many weddings and funerals. Graydon passed away on Monday, April 19, 2010. Object ID: Part of 2014.13.27

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Letter from Eugene S. Hames to His Parents (March 12, 1945)

This letter (March 12, 1945) is from Eugene S. Hames to his parents, and as he humorously explains, that this is the longest letter he has ever written. He explains he's seen combat and can no longer avoid mentioning that to his parents. Eugene is in Italy and posted up in a hotel for the night. He's relaxing, able to drink some beer, eat candy, and take a much needed shower. He was thrilled to change his clothes. He also mentions that there is a photo station and that he'll try to send them a photo. Eugene expresses uncertainty with the War and frustrations with German and Japanese troops. He describes the warm spring weather and appears to be homesick. Eugene closes by mentioning that he could write a much more interesting letter if it weren't for censorship and complains about the time it takes to get mail. He says he could give personal stories from the frontline, but that he'd rather forget those memories. He then discusses money orders and his parents as his beneficiary. Throughout the letter, he keeps a playful sense of humor - despite some of the horrors he's seen thus far. Generously provided to us by the Thomas E. Hames Family Collection.

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Letter from Eugene S. Hames to His Parents (January 16, 1945)

This letter was from Eugene S. Hames to his parents on January 16, 1945. He is currently stationed in Italy. He talks about seeing various points of interest during his travels including the Rock of Gibraltar and the beautiful Mediterranean Sea. Eugene reflects on the state of the many Italian towns and people he's seen and says they are in poor condition and bad shape. This letter is from the Thomas E. Hames Family Collection.

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Mary E. Lanza Davis’ – Women’s Army Corps Scrapbook Part 1

Did you know that there were 200 women stationed at Camp Hale? The Women's Army Corps (WAC) was the women's branch of the United States Army that stationed women at Camp Hale along with the many men that trained there. It was created as an auxiliary unit on May 15, 1942, by Public Law 554 and converted to an active-duty status in the Army on July 1, 1943. Scrapbook featuring pictures from Camp Hale including the Women's Army Corps (WAC). This book was created by Mary E. Lanza Davis. Interestingly, Mary met her husband at Camp Hale, Frank Davis. He was stationed there with the Calvary. After the War, Frank was shipped to the Burma/India area during the war. Mary never left the states after the War. This book was generously donated to the Museum by Mary and Frank's children: Frank R. Davis Jr. and John W Davis. Object ID: 2017.29.1

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Graydon Fuller Scrapbook

This scrapbook was made by Graydon T. Fuller (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Browse the entire book here. Contents include: photos of Graydon, mountains, Camp Hale, pack mules, family and furlough, fellow troops (some have been identified), and swimming. It also contains some - cartoons, personal cards, poems. newspaper clippings, church bulletins, and a graduation pamphlet. Object ID: 2013.14.27

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Eugene S. Hames Portrait

Eugene S. Hames, retired as a Captain, US Army, combat veteran of World War II. He was born at home in Stevensville, Montana, July 24, 1920. He volunteered for the 10th Mountain Division and trained at Camp Hale until deployed with the division to Italy. He led a rifle platoon as a 1st Lieutenant in combat for over 100 days. He participated in the water attack on Mussolini’s summer villa and was there when the war in Italy ended. He was part of the advance party returning to the United States to assist the division in redeployment to the Pacific theatre, to be one of the spearhead divisions for the invasion of Japan. Truman’s decision to drop the atomic bombs, probably saved his life. The war ended with Eugene in Camp Carson, Colorado. There he met his future wife Verna Raisanen, a cadet nurse. They returned to Minnesota, Verna’s home state. Eugene finished undergraduate and law school at the University of Minnesota in four years thanks to the GI bill. Eugene and Verna married, moved to Colorado and had three children. Eugene founded a law firm in Denver and worked there until he retired and joined son Tom with his law practice as “of counsel”. Eugene was president of the 10th Mountain Division Foundation, Inc. as was his son Tom. Eugene was a life long skier, fisherman and world traveler until his death on Nov. 23, 2006. Eugene and Verna are interned together at Ft. Logan National Cemetery. From the Thomas E. Hames Family Collection.

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to his Parents (June 1945)

Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). This three page letter, written on June 3, 1945, was sent to Graydon's parents: Mr. & Mrs. Fuller, Graydon tells stories from his four months of combat with the 10th. Letter explains how men got to Pisa, either by boat or train. Graydon reflects on his sea legs and explains where they camped on land for two weeks before moving to Bagni di Lucca. This group of soldiers was in the front line/zone. They later moved to Montefegatesi. He speaks of someone by the name of Butterfield and how they are in the 37 antitank section. He speaks how an old Italian woman they bunked with that they called mom. Graydon discusses a mission to take a small cement building during the night that was believed to be occupied by "Jerries" (Germans). The men thought the town was a ghost town and decided to take the structure. One man died early in the process. The men were otherwise successful. After this, they were moving on to Belvedere. Graydon tells of another story where he came in contact with Germans, This story tells of much more loss to the Germans. He discusses mines and the horrors of war. There is a joke about the Po Valley explained. Graydon mentions a soldier by the name of Pert Holmes (most likely Peter R. Homles - Company D, 85th) as well as Captain Johnson. Once the men were able to break through, they took many vehicles and left. Graydon discusses getting to the Po Valley and then off to Lake Garda. The bottom of page 2 mentions when they first heard the War was over in Italy. The last page (3) explains that Graydon became ill. Object ID: 2016.1.1

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to Ardie Cells (June 3, 1945)

This letter was written by Graydon Fuller (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry) on June 3, 1945 and was addressed to Miss Ardie Cells. The letter was sent to her (most likely his girlfriend or friend) for Graydon and Ardie's scrapbook. Graydon tells stories from his four months of combat with the 10th and explains how men got to Pisa, either by boat or train. Graydon reflects on his sea legs and explains where they camped on land for two weeks before moving to Boni de Lucca. They later moved to Montefegatesi. He speaks of someone by the name of Butterfield and how they are in the 37 antitank section. He speaks how an old Italian woman they bunked with that they called mom. Graydon discusses a mission to take a small cement building during the night that was believed to be occupied by "Jerries" aka Germans. The men thought the town was a dead town and decided to take the structure. One man died early in the process. The men were otherwise successful. After this, they were moving on to Belvedere. Graydon tells of another story where he came in contact with Germans. This story tells of much more loss to the Germans. He discusses mines and the horrors of war. Graydon mentions a soldier by the name of Pert Holmes (most likely Peter R. Holmes - Company D, 85th) as well as Captain Johnson. Once the men were able to break through, they took many vehicles and left. Graydon discusses getting to the Po Valley and then off to Lake Garda. The bottom of page 2 mentions when they first heard the War was over in Italy. The last page (3) explains that Graydon became ill. Object ID: 2016.1.2.a-c

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Scrapbook of Charles Curtis Chase

This scrapbook was made by Charles Curtis Chase. He served with the 10th Mountain Division from 1942 until 1946, Private 1st Class, Company A, 126th Engineer Battalion. The book details his time at Camp Hale, in Colorado, Italy, and more. It shows scenes of training and camp. Many of the photographs also detail the uniforms worn by various men. Generously donated by his daughter Cynthia Chase Adams.

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Western Union Telegram to James A. Barker’s Parents – KIA

This telegraph was sent by Major General J.A. Uljio informing James A. Barker's parents of his death. James was killed in action during the battle on Mt. Belvedere on February 20th, 1945. James was a Sergeant in Company L, 85th Mountain Infantry. Provided by Lisa and Mark Newman. Lisa is the Great Niece of Sgt James A Barker.

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Photos of William (Bill) K. Arnold Jr.

William (Bill) K. Arnold Jr. was a Sergeant in Company B, 86th Mountain Infantry. Bill proudly served his country, where he demonstrated the same discipline, honor, and commitment that would define his entire life. Bill was born August 2, 1938, in St. Louis, Missouri. Bill was the son of Junius Harold Arnold Jr. and Grace Elizabeth Green Arnold. Bill passed away at 87 on August 14, 2025. He was a devoted husband, father, grandfather, and great-grandfather. He was preceded in death by his beloved bride of over 60 years, Joyce Maxine Crowder Arnold, with whom he shared a lifetime of love, partnership, and faith. A respected leader in the commercial construction industry, Bill owned and operated Engineering Management Construction, building a career marked by hard work, excellence, and integrity. He also served his community as a volunteer police officer in Collierville, TN, and found joy in visiting shut-ins, offering encouragement and friendship to those unable to leave their homes.

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Photos of Slim Davis

During World War II, Wilfred "Slim" Davis served with the 10th Mountain Division. After service, he became an early innovator of ski area design, slope layout, avalanche control, and ski area safety. He was responsible for developing the special-use permits that allowed private ski developments on public lands. He was instrumental in the establishment of Arapahoe Basin, Loveland, and Aspen ski areas. In 1973, he became vice president of the United States Ski Association. We're honored to add these photos to our archive, thanks to Slim's family.

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Letter from Donald Macdonald to Parents (September 25, 1943)

This letter was written by Donald Macdonald (PFC, Company E, 85th Mountain Infantry) on September 25, 1943 from Camp Hale, Colorado. Donald was able to visit with someone in Denver and stay the night. He was treated like royalty. He goes on to describe hikes, traveling with packs, and the 10th Mountain Division formation and insignia. This letter was generously provided by the Macdonald Family - Anne and Donald.

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Photo of Train Running Through Camp Hale

Camp Hale, the legendary home of the 10th Mountain Division, was constructed 22 miles west of Vail between Leadville and Minturn in the Pando Valley, at an elevation of 9,224’ (at headquarters). The location was ideal because the government owned the land that was accessible via existing roads and railroads. The surrounding mountains were perfect for training troops in winter warfare and mountaineering. Although the location was ideal for the Army, not all aspects of Camp life were so ideal for the soldiers living and training there. Some recruits, especially those from southern states, suffered from altitude sickness and could not adapt to the bitter cold. Also, a pall of coal smog hung over the valley. Smoke and soot from camp smokestacks, coal furnaces, and trains filled the valley air, causing pneumonia. This sent some recruits home or resulted in them being transferred. Some soldiers got a cough they called the “Pando Hack.” The name came from the Pando Valley where they were training. Often, smoke increases atmospheric stability inside some valleys, creating a feedback loop that prevents its dispersion. This photo shows a cloud of smoke as described above. Photo is generously provided by the Davis Family (2017.29.76).

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Photo of John Marshall Coon

This photo shows soldier John Marshall Coon and his wife. John married Mercedes Marjorie Pettis. He passed away on May 27, 2011 in Pensacola, Escambia, Florida, USA. Serial Number: 17026373 Rank: Private First Class (PFC) Company: Medic Regiment: 85th Mountain Infantry

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Letter from Donald Macdonald to Parents (April 18, 1943)

This letter was written by Donald Macdonald (PFC, Company E, 85th Mountain Infantry) on April 18, 1943. Donald expresses that he's busy and that another case of measles popped up at camp, so they are still in quarantine. Donald was able to meet up with an acquaintance. As he met with him, he prepared his skis and pack for a seven day tactical training. He said his pack would weigh about 75 lbs. Donald describes the food situation and that he hasn't been able to weigh himself. As described in other letters, Donald is still sick and experiencing what might be the Pando Hack or a cold. Donald goes on to describe equipment - gaiters, gloves, parka. He also describes training exercises and a hike they are taking tomorrow. This letter was generously provided by the Macdonald Family - Anne and Donald.

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Letter: Woodrow Slone’s Separation & Qualification Record

This is Woodrow Slone's WD AGO Form 53-55. A World War II Separation & Qualification Record was an official U.S. Army document given to a service member when they were discharged from active duty. The record served as a summary of a soldier’s military service. The document functioned much like a résumé of military service and was often used after the war to secure employment, access veterans’ benefits (such as the GI Bill), or document eligibility for membership in veterans’ organizations. Woodrow was a Platoon Sergeant in Company B, 87th Mountain Infantry.

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Letter from Woodrow Slone to his Mother (April 11, 1945)

Woodrow writes to his mother, at night, after reading a letter she sent him. He is in good health and was happy to hear from his mother. Woodrow catches up on personal matters and expresses how much he misses "those hills" and thinks about spring time, responding to his mother gardening. Woodrow was in Company B, 87th Mountain Infantry. Submitted by Bryan K. Slone (son of Woodrow Slone) on behalf of all the children of Woodrow Slone.

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Handwritten Obituary for George Morrison

This is a copy of a hand-written obituary, written by George's widow - Virginia. This was probably a draft, for the local paper. Please note that the date of George's passing is incorrect at the end of the draft. He passed on August 27, 1993. Provided by the Morrison Family Collection.

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The Natchez Democrat Tribute to George Morrison (January 4, 1987)

“Lifestyle” feature from his local newspaper on George Morrison and a trip to Aspen, Colorado post war. George was 63 at the time of this publication. The Natchez Democrat, dated January 4, 1987. From the Morrison Family Collection.

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Photo & DPL Biography on George Morrison Jr.

George Morrison Jr. was a Private First Class with the 86th Infantry Regiment. He served with both the 1st Battalion Headquarters and Company C. George registered for the United States Army draft at the age of 19, on June 30, 1942. He was living in Sacramento, California, and working for the Division of Highways Engineering Department at the time. He was called to active duty on January 18, 1943, and joined what would become the 10th Mountain Division – the 10th Light Division (Alpine) – at Camp Hale, Colorado. The date of his assignment to the Division is not clear, but he was first assigned to 86-HQ-1. On April 8, 1943, at the end of a two-month training period, every man was required to ski a qualification course wearing a 90-pound pack. The course was two miles in length, uphill, downhill, and flat. Instructors graded each man as he performed the required techniques along the course. George appears on the 86-HQ-1 payroll report from June 1943. It shows he paid $6.50 of his $50 monthly salary for life insurance and owed $2.25 for U.S. government property lost or damaged (US GPLD). In July, he paid $.50 for laundry services. A hospital admission form notes that George was seen in October for a bone disease, but specific details as to his illness are not included. George next shows up on the December 1943 payroll report, by which time he had transferred to 86-C and had been promoted to the rank of Private First Class. As a member of the 86th Infantry Regiment, George was among the first from the Division to deploy to Italy. The 86th departed Camp Swift by train on November 29, 1944, and arrived at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia December 2. There, they made final preparations for deployment to Italy, although for security reasons the men did not know where they were going until they were well out to sea. The men boarded the USS Argentina on December 11 and arrived at Naples, Italy December 22. Although combat was almost continuous for four months, the 10th fought three major battles against the German Army in Italy: February 18-25, March 2-6, and April 14-May 2, 1945. During the second battle, on March 4, George was awarded a Bronze Star Medal for meritorious service in combat. The March Offensive, which ended on April 13, cost the Division 1012 casualties: 214 killed, 794 wounded, and 4 prisoners of war. The first three days of the Spring Offensive were the costliest of the 10th’s war in Italy. The Division suffered 1336 casualties: 286 killed, 1047 wounded, and 3 prisoners of war. After nearly four months of fighting, on April 19, the 10th Mountain Division was at last able to break through the German lines and push north through the Po Valley. Over the next 12 days, the Division forced the Germans back north over 150 miles through the Po Valley and up to Lake Garda. Having nearly been driven out of the country, the German Army surrendered in Italy May 2, 1945. Following occupation duty in northern Italy, the 10th Mountain Division was ordered back to the U.S. for further training on July 14, 1945, in preparation for the invasion of Japan. Plans called for the division to attack Kyushu on November 2, 1945. Fortunately, the Japanese surrender made this invasion unnecessary. The 86th Infantry Regiment returned to the States from Livorno on July 26, 1945, on the SS Westbrook Victory, arriving in Newport News, Virginia on August 7. Credit: Denver Public Library

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Photos & Biography for George Morrison Jr.

Pfc. George Morrison Jr. Biography Born: April 25, 1923 New Orleans, Louisiana - Deceased: August 27, 1993 Natchez, Mississippi 10th Mountain Division, 86th Regiment - Company C Serial Number: 39407076 U. S. Army Service: January 18, 1943 - December 2, 1945 Pfc. George Morrison Jr. was born on April 25, 1923 in New Orleans, Louisiana. In junior high school he moved with his parents and sister, Shirley, to Sacramento, California. At the age of thirteen, while on a trip with his parents in the Sierra Nevada mountains, near the Donner Summit, he first discovered snow skiing. It changed his life. Throughout his junior high and high school years, he skied nearly every weekend. George registered for the United States Army draft at the age of nineteen, on June 30, 1942. He was living in Sacramento, California and working for the Division of Highways Engineering Department at the time. George was called to active duty and inducted in Monterey, California on Jan. 18, 1943. With three letters of recommendation he joined what would become the 10th Mountain Division - 10th Light Division (Alpine). George was sent straight to Camp Hale to begin training. In March of 1943 George was trained and certified in the U. S. Army method of skiing and went on to serve as a ski instructor at Camp Hale. Assigned to the 86th Mountain Infantry Regiment, he was among the first from the division to deploy to Italy aboard the U.S.S. Argentina on December 11, 1944. They arrived at Naples, Italy, on December 22, 1944. The 10th Mountain Division fought in three major battles against the German Army in the Italian campaign. During the second battle, on March 4, 1945, George received the Bronze Star for meritorious service in combat. After the war, George returned home to Sacramento. In March of 1947 George moved to Natchez, Mississippi to manage his aunt’s farm. It was in Natchez that he met Virginia Lee Beltzhoover, whom he married on January 15, 1950. Together they raised five children. George joined the International Paper Company in 1950 and enjoyed a long career until retiring in 1985. In 1985, he incorporated Riva Ridge Farm and managed the operations until his passing on August 27, 1993. These photos show George at Camp Hale and Ski Cooper. Generously provided by the Morrison Family Collection.

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Photo of Sandy Treat (2019)

This photo was taken of Sandy Treat (Company H - 86th Mountain Infantry) by Cliff Lawson. This photo was taken in 2019, before he died of natural causes at Vail Health Medical Center September 1, 2019. He lived over 96 years. He worked tirelessly to keep the story and legacy of the 10th Mountain Division alive through his weekly “Tales on the 10th” talks at the Colorado Snowsports Museum.

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Photo & Biography on Woodrow Slone

Woodrow Slone served two enlistments in the U.S Army. His first enlistment (24NOV36 – 11JAN39) was spent at Schofield Barracks on the island of O’ahu, Hawaii with the 21st Infantry, Company F. His second enlistment (10OCT39 – 19JUL46) took him to various locations throughout the U.S. and Europe. In June, 1942 he was stationed at Fort Lewis, WA with the 1st Battalion, 87th Infantry, Company B as a Private. In August of that year, he was appointed Corporal and by November he was promoted to Sergeant. In February, 1943 he achieved the rank of Staff Sergeant. By this time he was part of, what would become, the 10th Mountain Division training at Camp Hale, CO. From August – December 1943, as part of the 87th, he was deployed to Kiska, AK to participate in removing occupying Japanese forces. On January 25, 1944 he was appointed Tech Sergeant at Camp Carson, CO. In the Spring of 1944, he participated in the grueling D-Series training maneuvers in the mountains surrounding Camp Hale. On January 4, 1945 Woodrow set sail for Naples, Italy on the USS West Point along with other members of the U.S. Fifth Army’s 87th and 85th Infantry Regiments. After transport to Pisa, the 87th fought its way northeast along the Gothic Line. Woodrow was entrusted as a Platoon Sergeant with three squads of men under his command. On April 14, 1945, during the Spring Offensive, he was wounded in action on Hill 860 near Torre Iussi and the village of Serra Sarzana. The accompanying letter from Woodrow to his mother, Virgie Matney Slone, was written on April 11, 1945, three days before he was wounded. He was evacuated from the battlefield, returned to the United States for medical treatment & rehabilitation, and was honorably discharged July 19, 1946. Submitted March 11, 2025 by Bryan K. Slone (son of Woodrow Slone) on behalf of all the children of Woodrow Slone.

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Photo & Biography on Walter Neuron

Walter Neuron was born in 1915 to parents, Leopold and Camilla Neuron, who lived in Vienna. Walter’s father, Leopold, was an officer and mountaineering instructor in the Imperial-Royal Mountain Troops along with such luminaries as Mathias Adarsky and Hannes Schneider. The mountain troops were part of the Landwehr or territorial reserve. Unlike the regular army, the Landwehr permitted Jews like Leopold to serve. Walter was skiing at age seven in 1922, and skiing was part of his schooling. Walter and his class went by tram to Vienna and rode it a short distance into Wienerwald, to the highest point. They skied both touring and alpine. By age 10, Walter graduated to more advanced terrain. On holidays, Walter and his friends packed their rucksacks and gear and took the train to Turnitz and Schneeberg. They climbed for two hours and then skied to the bottom. Later, they skied in interschool races that were very competitive. In the summer, he competed in rowing and sailing. Walter’s Uncle Friedrich introduced Walter to the fine art of mountain photography. In July 1927, they drove into the Alps, the back seat of the car stuffed with rucksacks and food, along with a large format wooden camera, a tripod and glass negatives. They shot mountain landscapes, and Walter learned to be a good photographer. By 1930, at age 15, Neuron was enrolled in Hakoah-Wien, Vienna’s Zionist sports club. Founded in 1909, when Jews were excluded from other sports clubs, Hakoah by 1935, had an enrollment of 5,000 members. It marketed itself across the globe and served a Viennese Jewish population of 180,000. The club fielded a professional soccer team, and members also competed in swimming, fencing, field hockey, ice hockey, track and field, and wrestling. Neuron became proficient in skiing, rowing, tennis, swimming, and diving. By 1935, Neuron was a Hakoah ski instructor, teaching at Wienerwald, Turnitz, and Schneeberg. When Walter completed secondary school, he passed the state exam to enter university, but his father offered him a job in the family business instead, selling gifts and souvenirs to resort hotels and other tourist destinations. Meanwhile, Neuron’s Hakoah friends were warning him of the increasing anti-Semitism at the University of Vienna campus. Jewish faculty and staff, as well as students, were being targeted. Working for his father meant that Neuron would call on gift shops across Austria rather than stay in Vienna. At this point, Walter decided that skiing would be part of his job. He bought a car and built a ski rack inside. Neuron found a second home in St. Anton, where his father’s old friend, Hannes Schneider allowed him to ski with the instructor corps. Schneider tolerated no anti-Semitism in the ski school, which was one reason St. Anton attracted a cosmopolitan international clientele, including many Americans. Walter’s father wanted him to have military experience. In six months, in 1937, Walter did basic training with the army reserves. He learned to fire rifles and machine guns and engage in hand-to-hand combat. Walter’s father sold the family business and house, and consolidated investments into cash. Then he arranged for his old commanding officer from the mountain troops, now the owner of an Italian taxi firm, to drive them to safety, which required bribing the border guards. Meanwhile, the 1937 – 1938 ski season was fast approaching, and Walter now had no job obligations. He decided to ski places he had never been to and to spend as much time as possible in St. Anton and the St. Christoph region. As he was packing for the trip, his Uncle Friedrich showed up and gave him a membership card for the German Alpine Club that would get him into mountain refuges if he needed to cross border. In March 1938, Walter’s parents left for Italy while Walter stayed at home with his uncle. Two days later, on March 12, 1938, the German army marched into Vienna. Uncle Friedrich hid his nephew in the trunk of his car and drove to the Italian border, where the taxi company owner was waiting. Walter climbed into the taxi’s trunk and was driven to safety. Walter hid out for two months at a friend’s summer house on Lake Como. Through a Mafia contact, he bought fake visas to get to France and Portugal. He then took the train to Venice and asked the Swiss Consul for a visa. To exit Italy, Neuron needed to prove he wasn’t Jewish. Thanks to the German Alpine Club card, a consular officer decided he wasn’t Jewish and approved a three-week vacation in Switzerland. After the three weeks were up, Walter was able to get to France with his fake visas. Walter then hitched a ride to a train station and booked a ticket to Paris, where several of his Hakoah friends were waiting to sail to America. It was December 1938, and snow was falling in the French Alps, so Walter went to Chamonix. There he rented a room for the winter, turning the bathroom into a photo processing lab so he could make a living selling photos to tourists. He also joined an underground ski school and by Christmas was making money. By June 1939, the French authorities were getting worried about a German invasion and put out arrest orders for all foreigners without papers. When the local cops came for Neuron, they allowed him to keep all his possessions, then drove him to an internment camp at a soccer stadium in Marseilles. The situation there was informal, but the guards were armed. Friends from Chamonix traveled to Marseilles to check on Neuron. They bribed the guards and drove him into Spain, where he found his way to Lisbon and boarded a steamer to America. Walter’s father had found a sponsoring family in Columbus, Ohio, that helped provide visas and paperwork as well as lodging until they were settled. When Walter entered the United States, the authorities confiscated his camera gear fearing that he was Austrian and might want to send sensitive photos to Nazis in Germany. Then Walter made his way to Columbus, reuniting with his parents. His intention was to open a photographic studio but since the authorities confiscated his camera gear, Neuron called Hannes Schneider in New Hampshire and was able to get a job teaching ski school at Cranmore. When America entered World War II, December 1941, Neuron was one of 13 Cranmore instructors who joined the newly formed 10th Mountain Division. They went to train at Colorado’s Camp Hale, and by late December 1944, Neuron was back in Italy assigned to HQ Company, 3rd Battalion, 86th Regiment. He fought in the bloody battle of Mt. Belvedere. Afterwards, since he spoke four languages, Walter spent the rest of the war interrogating prisoners. At the end of the war, Neuron went briefly to St. Anton but soon returned to Columbus and set up a photography studio. He had a long career as a portrait photographer. Then in 1961, Walter became the Ski School Director at the new Snow Trails ski area in Mansfield, Ohio. This was Ohio’s first ski area. He was known as “Valta,” and everyone admired and respected him. There he met his lifelong friend, Gunther Munch, a German immigrant and exceptional skier. Gunther assisted with the ski school, ski shop and junior racing team. Ohio boasts an impressive number of skilled skiers who regularly ski out west. After retiring in 1986, until his death in 2000, Walter lived and skied in Colorado, where he bought apartments in Keystone and Vail. Walter skied with his friend, Gunther, who also bought a place in Vail. Instructors from Walter’s ski school visited Colorado and hit the slopes with him. Walter loved to ski and skied almost every day at Keystone or Vail. Biography by Paul Hooge and Ellen Munch Faucette

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Photos of Walter Neuron

Born in Austria, Walter Neuron (PFC – HQ 3RD - 86th Mountain Infantry) fled the Nazis, crisscrossing Europe before arriving in Ohio and later joining the 10th Mountain Division. A ski instructor by age 20, he taught at Wienerwald, Turnitz, and Schneeberg, and competed in the 1935 Maccabiah Games, where Austria won the title. In 1939, he taught underground ski classes in Chamonix, supporting himself by running a photo lab out of his bathroom. When America entered World War II, Walter was one of 13 Cranmore instructors who joined the newly formed 10th Mountain Division. They went to train at Colorado’s Camp Hale, and by late December 1944, Walter was back in Italy, assigned to HQ Company, 3rd Battalion, 86th Regiment. He fought in the bloody battle of Mt. Belvedere. Afterwards, since he spoke four languages, Walter spent the rest of the war interrogating prisoners. In 1961, Walter became ski school director at Snow Trails in Mansfield, Ohio, a role he held for 21 years. After retiring in 1986, he lived and skied daily in Keystone and Vail until he died in 2000. Walter knew and enjoyed his time with many of the original Vail residents. These photos were generously provided by Ellen Munch Faucette.

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Letter from Donald Macdonald (March 5, 1944)

This letter was written by Donald Macdonald (PFC, Company E, 85th Mountain Infantry) on March 5, 1944 to his parents. The letter was written on Camp Hale letterhead and sent from there. Donald starts this letter by wishing his father a happy birthday. He then goes on to complain about smoking - which he thinks is a bad habit. He hates to see men smoking in the barracks. Donald explains that he will take furlough if his grandma doesn't get better soon. He then moves on to talk with his mother. He catches up concerning different people and states that they might be seeing action sooner than he thinks. Donald mentions Kiska and the 87th Mountain Infantry. Donald goes on to write about various army and soldier updates. He closes talking about a lack of food for a period and training. He mentions skiing towards the close. This letter was generously provided by the Macdonald Family - Anne and Donald.

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Letter from Donald Macdonald (February 25, 1945)

This letter was written by Donald Macdonald (PFC, Company E, 85th Mountain Infantry) on February 25, 1945 to his parents. Donald explains he is overwhelmed catching up on back mail and replies and catches up with his parents throughout this letter. He catches up about family, friends, and acquaintances, and thanks them for renewing his Free Press subscription. He asks them to thank “Gran” for a Reader’s Digest subscription. In these pages, the Donald continues responding to family letters one by one, noting dates and briefly commenting on the news they shared. He jokes about family matters, including teasing remarks about cats and women—and keeps a light, conversational tone throughout. This letter was generously provided by the Macdonald Family - Anne and Donald.

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Photo of Donald L. Macdonald

Donald Macdonald (1923-1995) began skiing as a teenager in the White Mountains of New Hampshire. In 1943 he volunteered for the 10th Mountain Division, a three-letter recruit. Serving in E Company, 85th Mountain Infantry he fought as a bazooka man in Italy. After the war he returned to Tufts University and was a member of the ski team. Upon graduation, his love of trains and skiing led him back to Colorado where he settled in Leadville. He worked for the Colorado and Southern Railway, making sure the 641, the last regularly scheduled steam locomotive operating in the U.S. was ready to go every day. He became the area manager for Copper Hill, today’s Ski Cooper, helped begin the Ski Area Management program at Colorado Mountain College, led the Lake County Search and Rescue team. He was active in the 10th Mountain Association, helped organize the annual 10th Mountain Memorial Day events atop Tennessee Pass and skied as much as possible. This photo was generously provided by the Macdonald Family - Anne and Donald.

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Parents (December 29, 1944)

In this letter, Wilbur Vaughan has left for Italy. He describes some of his journey and makes small talk with his folks. He mentions the Mediterranean, Capri, and Naples. He explains to his parents that he really can't say much at this point.

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Soldier in his Arctic Camo

These photos, from the Dole Family Collection, are great examples of 10th Mountain Division Army-issued clothing and equipment. These images show the same soldier equipped for winter warfare. The second photo shows the skis, boots, and bindings the 10th used in training. To learn more, visit our Winter Warrior display in this exhibit.

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Aunty Rowe and Bruce – Arriving at Camp Swift (June 21, 1944)

This letter is from Wilbur Vaughan to his Aunty Rowe and Bruce on June 21, 1944 - after just arriving in Camp Swift, Texas. Wilbur immediately starts off talking about how hot it is at Camp Swift. He's wondering why they left Camp Hale and goes on to complain and compare both camps and their environments, conditions, and so much more. He goes on to explain he traveled into Austin. He closes by explaining that the movement of his Division is unknown and that civilians know more than the soldiers. People in Austin were asking Wilbur about his new insignia of the 10th Mountain Division and people were astonished by the new ski troops...but confused as to why they were in Texas...This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5

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Ski Training Photos — Dole Family Collection

These black and white photos, showing the 10th Mountain Division skiing, are from the Dole Family Collection. Each photo shows the 10th training, wearing what is referred to as their "whites" or the 10th Mountain Division's Army issued white camouflage clothing. In some of the photos you can also see that even their rucksack or backpack had a white pack cover.

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Parents – Arriving at Camp Swift (June 20, 1944)

In this letter, Wilbur G. Vaughan has arrived at Camp Swift on June 20, 1944. He discusses the hot weather, location, travels, becoming sick, and mentions that they aren't doing much just yet. Wilbur is unsure of how long he'll be at this camp - he guesses a month to a year. The Division was shipped to Camp Swift, Texas to prepare for maneuvers in Louisiana, which were later cancelled. A period of acclimation to a low altitude and hot climate was thought necessary to prepare for this training. This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5

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Fishing Spear – Kiska

This artifact was donated to the Museum and was found in a 10th Mountain Division rucksack. This was not an Army issued item, but after speaking with historian David Little, he said that he has been told stories about guys making fish spears while on Kiska to fish for salmon. Evidence can be seen in this screen. Search for pictures of Kiska from the Warren B. Sasnett Collection. This spear was found by veteran Dick Over.

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Shirt, Knit od

Sebo Knitwear, Inc. 10th Mountain Division Army issued sweater. This sweater is 100% wool in deep olive green or forest green. This was a light weight woolen shirt for wear in both warm and cold weather. Object ID: 1992.6.1. This was donated by Barb Harrington.

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Goggles, Ski-Mountain

Goggles, Ski-Mountain -- Stock No. 74-G-79. All troopers were issued goggles provided with slits in the top and bottom of the eye cup to reduce fogging and equipped with ground and polished glass lenses, green tinted to filter out ultra-violet, infra-red, and excessive light rays, for use on snow surfaces to prevent snow blindness.

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Helmet and Liner

Steinberg Bros., Inc. M1 helmet. The exterior is made of U.S. tempered steel with liner. M Helmet and liner were issued to all combat troops as ballistic protection for the head. The steel helmet was adopted just prior to WWII (1939) and replaced the WWI helmet which saw limited use early in WWII. The steel helmet was used by U.S. forces from WWII to 1985 when it was replaced by a Kevlar helmet. The WWII helmet was designated "M1" and was slightly modified in the mid 50s by a slight change in contour and chin strap. That modification is the "M2" helmet, This helmet is the "M2" modification. Object ID: 2016.32.6a,b

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Photos of Kiska – Sasnett Collection, Part 2

In early June 1942, the Japanese invaded Alaska’s Attu, Kiska and Agutta islands. The U.S. fought more than 2,400 Japanese troops to reclaim these islands over the next three months, as they feared the Japanese would use the islands to launch aerial attacks. “Operation Cottage”, a tactical maneuver which completed the Aleutian Islands campaign in Kiska, began on August 15, 1943, and involved not only the 87th Mountain Infantry Regiment, but other military personnel from the U.S. and Canada. The Japanese, however, had abandoned the island weeks prior, and so the Allied troops were unopposed. After two days in thick fog and a confused state, the U.S. and Canadian forces mistook each other for the enemy. The allied forces suffered over 300 casualties due to stray Japanese mines, booby traps, and friendly fire. These photos are from the Warren B. Sasnett Collection (Company C, 10th Mountain Division Medic).

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Photos of Kiska – Sasnett Collection, Part 1

In early June 1942, the Japanese invaded Alaska’s Attu, Kiska and Agutta islands. The U.S. fought more than 2,400 Japanese troops to reclaim these islands over the next three months, as they feared the Japanese would use the islands to launch aerial attacks. “Operation Cottage”, a tactical maneuver which completed the Aleutian Islands campaign in Kiska, began on August 15, 1943, and involved not only the 87th Mountain Infantry Regiment, but other military personnel from the U.S. and Canada. The Japanese, however, had abandoned the island weeks prior, and so the Allied troops were unopposed. After two days in thick fog and a confused state, the U.S. and Canadian forces mistook each other for the enemy. The allied forces suffered over 300 casualties due to stray Japanese mines, booby traps, and friendly fire. These photos are from the Warren B. Sasnett Collection (Company C, 10th Mountain Division Medic).

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Earl Eaton & Pete Seibert with Jeep

In 1957, Pete, 10th Mountain Division veteran, met fellow ski patroller Earl Eaton, who introduced Pete to the unnamed mountain that would become Vail. Pete was convinced it was the perfect place and bought the land. Others invested, construction began, trails were cut, lifts erected, and the resort opened for the first time on December 15, 1962.

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Veteran Sandy Treat

Sandy Treat dedicated countless hours to helping adaptive skiers. During World War II, Treat volunteered for the 10th Mountain Division. He returned to Colorado in 1986 and became one of the most dominant Masters skiers – skiing well into his eighties. In 2009, he had a serious crash where he lost the function of one of his eyes. Despite this ending his racing career, his commitment to Colorado skiing endured. He put his time and effort into Foresight Ski Guides, out of Vail, to help visually impaired skiers and the Vail Veterans Program help bring injured soldiers to Colorado. In blind skiing, a sighted skier accompanies the blind skier and calls out instructions.

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to His Parents (September 1943)

This letters is from Wilbur Vaughan to his parents discussing various training exercises at Camp Hale. The letter was written on September 5, 1943. This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5

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Soldiers and WAC with Skis

This photo, from the Mary Davis Collection, shows two 10th Mountain Division soldiers and a Women's Army Corps soldier with skis and poles. Location is unknown, but is likely Colorado.

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Maria Cardinale at Camp Hale (November 1943)

This photo shows Maria Cardinale (Massi) at Camp Hale in November 1943. She is shown in uniform.

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Geneva Mahlum Reynolds at Camp Hale (August 1944)

This photo shows Women's Army Corps member Geneva Mahlum Reynolds at Camp Hale in August 1944. She is shown in uniform.

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WACs Saluting at Camp Hale

The Colorado Snowsports Museum is dedicated to preserving the history of Camp Hale. Along with the narrative we are already preserving and sharing about the inspiring 10th Mountain Division soldiers, we'd like to also acknowledge the many women stationed at Camp Hale. The Women's Army Corps of the United States Army stationed women at Camp Hale along with the men who trained there. It was created as an auxiliary unit on May 15, 1942, by Public Law 554 and converted to an active-duty status in the Army on July 1, 1943. This photo is from the Davis Family Collection and shows the Women's Army Corps at Camp Hale.

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Women’s Army Corps at Camp Hale

This photo shows four Women's Army Corps (WAC) soldiers stationed at Camp Hale. The Women's Army Corps, a branch of the United States Army, was created to perform various non-combat functions within the Army including nursing, finance, communications, running the motor pool, and supply. These women lived at Camp Hale and had their own dorm. The WAC played an important role in the war effort. The woman to the far left is Mary Lanza Davis. The three women to the right have yet to be identified. Mary enlisted in the Women's Army Corps in Pittsburgh as a private in March 1943. She met her husband Frank Davis at Camp Hale and they married in 1946. This photo was graciously donated to the CSM by the Davis Family.

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Harry Erwin’s Snowshoes

The 10th Mountain Division learned to snowshoe and navigate every type of terrain. The 10th were issued a bear paw, emergency snowshoes, and a trail version. In these pictures, you see the tail version. These shoes were the standard type of snowshoe used especially in the areas free from brush and other obstructions. Each shoe has a binding fixed in place. These snowshoes were donated to the Museum by Dennis Erwin. Dennis Erwin's father, Harry A. Erwin, was in the 10th Mountain Division, Company SVC, 86th infantry. Dennis donated the items to the Museum in 2015, possibly sooner. Object ID: 2015.4.23a,b.

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Jack Graw at Cooper Hill

This photo shows Jack Graw at Cooper Hill, likely post War. Jack volunteered for service in the South Pacific during World War II. After the war, he was put in charge of the Forest Service district in Leadville, Colorado. When the famed 10th Mountain Division returned from the War, they asked Jack if they could reopen their ski training area at Cooper Hill as a public ski area. He agreed enthusiastically and his daughter Es spent her childhood being taught to ski by former 10tth Mountain troops. Ski Cooper opened to the public after the War for the enjoyment of the local area residents, as one of the oldest ski resorts in Colorado. After World War II, the T-bar became Army surplus property, as did the equipment of the 10th Mountain Division. The Lake County Recreational Board expressed interest in taking ownership of the T-bar to expand recreational opportunities for its residents. The Forest Service provided Lake County with a ninety-nine-year lease for the Cooper property and they took ownership of the T-bar.

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Colonel Paul Burge at Cooper, circa 1940s.

This photo shows Colonel Paul Burge at Cooper. Although this Colorado ski area opened during World War II, it is still worth noting here. In 1942, the United States Army selected a training site near an isolated railroad stop in Pando, Colorado known as Camp Hale for training the ski troopers of the famed 10th Mountain Division. Nearby Ski Cooper (then known as Cooper Hill) was used as a six-month-long ski training site, which included the use of its infamous T-bar. Following the war, Ski Cooper opened to the public for the enjoyment of the local area residents, as one of the oldest ski resorts in Colorado. This photo is from the Colorado Snowsports Museum's photo archive.

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Soldiers with Snowshoes

The 10th Mountain Division learned to snowshoe and navigate every type of terrain. The 10th were issued a bear paw, emergency snowshoes, and a trail version. In these pictures, you see the tail version.

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Unidentified 10th Mountain Division Soldiers at Camp Hale

These photos are from the Martin Brusse Collection and show a series of unidentified men at Camp Hale - in various uniforms. The barracks can be seen in the back of several photos as well. Object ID: 2018.22

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Weasel Vehicles

While training at Camp Hale, the 10th Mountain Division pioneered critical winter warfare techniques and equipment. They also created new winter machines, such as the M29C troop carrier, nicknamed the "Weasel”. One of the first snowmobiles, it carried gear and pulled skiers on tow ropes. They photos were generously donated to the CSM by the Dole Family.

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10th Mountain Division Soldiers Mountaineering

Rock climbing was an important element of 10th Mountain Division training. While some soldiers were recruited for their mountaineering skills, the majority received specialized training while at Camp Hale. Mountains and rock formations provided the ideal classroom for the soldiers. The training proved essential as troops from the 86th Regiment would make a night climb to capture Riva Ridge. In addition, over the course of World War II, Mount Rainier National Park served as a winter training and testing ground for the U.S. Army’s 10th Mountain Division and other military units. These photos are from the Dole Family Collection.

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Training at Camp Hale – Dole Family Collection

Minnie Dole, the founder of the National Ski Patrol System, conceived an idea that a trained ski and mountaineering division would be advantageous to America’s defense. The War Department accepted his proposal and on November 15, 1941, the 1st Battalion, 87th Infantry Mountain Regiment was activated. Minnie recruited 25,000 men over 60 days and began the famous 10th Mountain Division. This action brought military skiing into Colorado. Minnie’s Mile on Vail Mountain is named for him. Minnie was inducted into the Colorado Snowsports Hall of Fame in 1977. These photos are from the Dole Family Collection and show various people at Camp Hale training.

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Mary E. Lanza Davis’ – Women’s Army Corps Scrapbook Part 2

Did you know that there were 200 women stationed at Camp Hale? The Women's Army Corps (WAC) was the women's branch of the United States Army that stationed women at Camp Hale and the many men trained there. It was created as an auxiliary unit on May 15, 1942, by Public Law 554 and converted to active duty in the Army on July 1, 1943. Scrapbook featuring pictures from Camp Hale including the Women's Army Corps (WAC). Mary E. Lanza Davis created this book. Interestingly, Mary met her husband at Camp Hale, Frank Davis. He was stationed there with the Calvary. After the War, Frank was shipped to the Burma/India area during the war. Mary never left the States after the War. This book was generously donated to the Museum by Mary and Frank's children: Frank R. Davis Jr. and John W Davis. Object ID: 2017.29.1

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Two Men Cleaning Up at Camp Hale

This color photo shows two 10th Mountain Division soldiers at Camp Hale with cleaning supplies - a broom and mop. These men have yet to be identified. Do you recognize them? Please let us know if you can put a name to each face. These photos are from the Mindock Family Collection and show great examples of the 10th clothing and equipment. Stephen W. Mindock was in Company A - 87th Mountain Infantry. These photos are some of our very rare color photos.

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Photos of Camp Hale Vaughan Collection

These photos show Camp Hale from various perspectives. They are from circa 1944. These photographs were generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5

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Photo of Wilbur Vaughan at Po Valley

This photo shows Wilbur G. Vaughan at Po Valley likely circa the spring of 1945. In this digital touchscreen, you can explore Wilbur's letters. This photo was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5

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Photo of Wilbur Vaughan

This photo shows Wilbur G. Vaughan in his formal, Class A uniform. In this digital touchscreen, you can explore Wilbur's letters. This photo was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5

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10th Mountain Division Soldiers Training at Camp Hale

These photos show the men of the 10th Mountain Division training at Camp Hale. The soldiers shown are likely from the 87th Mountain Infantry - as Stephen W. Mindock took these photos. He was in Company A of the 87th. These photos show great examples of the 10th clothing and equipment from sleeping bags to clothing to mess kits.

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Aerial Photo Showing Camp Hale

Camp Hale sprawled across nearly 1,500 acres and contained 1,000 buildings, including 245 barracks that could house more than 15,000 soldiers.

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Army Journal of H. Robert Krear (excerpt)

This collection of pages are from the army journal of H. Robert Krear (Company L, 86th Mountain Infantry). The excerpt shared here details his time at Camp Hale training and shows various photos included at the end of the journal. Bill Brown and Bob Tichane are mentioned in the text. Object ID: 2023.6

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Photo of Dick Over at Camp Hale in Whites

This photo shows Richard "Dick" C. Over (110th Signal Company) at Camp Hale in his "whites" or the white camouflage uniform. Dick is wearing the reversible mountain parka - white side - and the white pant covers. He is holding the iconic white wooden skis.

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Parents About the Beginning of the D-Series (March 29, 1944)

This letter, written by Wilbur Vaughan, to his parents was written at the beginning of D-Series, written on March 29, 1944. Wilbur spends a lot of time talking about snowy weather, with Denver getting 26". Wilbur wrote this letter on his map board in a tent. This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5.7.1.5

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Letter from Wilbur Vaughan to his Parents About Starting Maneuvers (March 25, 1944)

This letter, on Camp Hale, Colorado letterhead, was written by Wilbur G. Vaughan (Company HQ, 3rd - 86th Mountain Infantry) to his parents on March 25, 1944. In this letter, Wilbur starts out discussing his watch. Wilbur states that he has started three weeks of tactical maneuvers. He mentions his 80 pound rucksack and having to carry skis and ammo in addition. Wilbur explains that his unit is part of the Reconnaissance Echelon of the Division, which means they go out first and are on the frontline. He's been eating a lot of C Rations and is eager to get his mother's cookies. This letter was generously provided to the Colorado Snowsports Museum by Cameron Vaughan - from the Wilbur G. Vaughan (86th Inf., 3rd Btn., HQ Co.) Collection. Object ID: 2023.5.4.1-2

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Interview with Hans Thompson, First Sergent, Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry (1995)

This document details a full interview with Hans Thompson (Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry). On January 3, 1995, Hans answered these questions for the Army about his experience during his service. He served for over three years.

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Photo of Steven Knowlton at Ski Broadmoor

Steve P. Knowlton (HQ, 86th Mountain Infantry) served with the 10th Mountain Division from 1942 to 1945. As an avid skier and competitor, he taught skiing and rock climbing. Steve planned the construction of Ski Broadmoor, and initiated a Junior Ski Program and a night ski instruction program. This photo shows Steve making snow at Broadmoor circa 1960-1962. Broadmoor’s snowmaking equipment was bought from the defunct Magic Mountain. Slopes were mostly beginner friendly. They had a double Riblet chairlift and tow, with a capacity of six hundred people per hour. Adult tickets were $11. The creators of this area included Steve Knowlton, the founder of Colorado Ski Country, USA. Knowlton helped with planning the construction of the area, initiated a Junior Ski Program, and a night ski instruction program.

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Photo of Bob Parker

During World War II, Robert Ward Parker (Company HQ, 87th Mountain Infantry) trained at Camp Hale and served with the 87th Mountain Regiment as an intelligence scout. After service, he joined Ski Magazine and was editor from 1956 to 1962. In 1962, he became Publicity Director for Vail Associates and later Senior Vice President of Operations. He helped create Colorado Ski Country USA and Ski the Rockies. As chairman of Vail’s Centennial – Bicentennial Committee, he was a principle founder of the Colorado Snowsports Museum. In Italy, Parker served as a radio operator in a regimental intelligence and reconnaissance platoon. He was later cited by the Army for calmly operating his radio, even when it was necessary to expose himself to enemy fire. Near the town of Castelfranco, he was in a vehicle that drew fire from a house. A citation issued by the U.S. Army several months later recounted that he leaped from the vehicle armed only with a carbine and approached the window from which the shots had originated. “He leaned into the window and, seeing one of the hostile soldiers trying to escape, he fired one shot, severely wounding the enemy,” the Vail Daily citation said. “Immediately, he sighted more enemy in another room, and by quick thinking, he was successful in the elimination of these soldiers also.” The Army awarded him a bronze star with oak cluster.

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Photo of Steve Knowlton

Stephen P. Knowlton (HQ, 86th Mountain Infantry) competed on the University of New Hampshire ski team, but World War II intervened. From 1942 to 1945, Steve was with the 10th Mountain Division ski troops, where he taught skiing and rock climbing. During Steve’s time in Aspen after the war, he was chosen to be a member of the U.S. Olympic Ski Team (1948) and the FIS Ski Team (1950). Steve planned the construction of Ski Broadmoor, and initiated a Junior Ski Program and a night ski instruction program. From 1963 to 1973, Steve was instrumental in forming Colorado Ski Country USA and became its first Director. He worked extensively with the 1976 Olympics, and fund raising for the U.S. Ski Team. This photo shows Steve after the war, at part of the 1950 FIS team competing in Aspen, Colorado.

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Photos of Grant Ford

Born in Wisconsin, Grant M. Ford (Company C, 85th Mountain Infantry) worked for the National Ski Patrol at Rib Mountain in 1940. During World War II, he trained with the 10th Mountain Division at Camp Hale. After the war, he moved to Colorado and became a member of Ski Club Zipfelberger. He served as President of the Southern Rocky Mountain Ski Association in 1951-1952 and was reelected 1953-54. He was also the director of the National Ski Association for three terms.

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Photo of Earl Clark and Officers

This photo shows Earl Clark with 10th Mountain Division officers at Camp Hale. Clark is believed to be in the middle row, farthest left. The men here are wearing the formal Class A uniform shown to your right.

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Photo of Earl Clark

In 1941, Earl E. Clark (Company HQ 1st, 87th Mountain Infantry) enlisted in the U.S. Army’s new experimental ski and mountaineering unit. The unit was later known as the 1st Battalion, 87th Mountain Infantry, part of the 10th Mountain Division. He retired from service as Lieutenant Colonel in 1946. He moved to Colorado and joined the National Ski Patrol at Arapahoe Basin. He was instrumental in creating the National Association of the 10th Mountain Division and served as its first National President.

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Photos of Hugh Evans

While many tout Hugh Williams Evans’s war record (Company C, 85th Mountain Infantry), he is also one of the pioneers of Colorado skiing. By helping to develop and direct the 10th Mountain Division Hut and Trail system, and administer programs and funding through the 10th Mountain Foundation, he and others have opened up the backcountry to all ages and abilities. Hugh is the living spirit of tradition, remembering the old while embracing the new and passing on the spirit and love of the mountains. As soldiers fought their way up the mountain: artillery and mortar fire intensified. Near the top of Mount Gorgolesco, Hugh Evans said machine gun fire took down his platoon sergeant, Bob Fischer. Hugh placed an air-tight bandage over the wounds on his chest – by cutting the back out of Mac Mackenzie’s parka. Despite best efforts, in Hugh’s arms and with Mac Mackenzie by his side, the sergeant died. When he died in his arms, Hugh remembers Bob saying: “Please not now. Please not now,” as Hugh told Denver Post reporter Bruce Finley (March 27, 2013). Enraged, Hugh charged to the top of Mount Gorgolesco. He successfully, and single-handedly destroyed two German machine gun nests. Hugh was awarded the Silver Star and Purple Heart. The first black and white photo shown here shows Hugh drying his socks. The others show him later in life. Hugh Evans, beloved father, passed away on Sunday, November 28, 2021 in Boulder.

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Photos of Minnie Dole

Charles "Minnie" Dole, an amateur New England sportsman and founder of the National Ski Patrol System in 1938, conceived an idea that a trained ski/mountaineer division would be advantageous to America's defense. The War Department accepted Dole's idea and on November 15, 1941, the 1st Battalion, 87th Infantry Mountain Regiment was activated. A written contract between the American Ski Association and the Army made the National Ski Patrol an official recruiting agency; and Minnie was given the task to recruit 25,000 men in 60 days for the 87th Infantry. This began the 10th Mountain Division whose permanent training center was Camp Hale in Colorado. This action brought military skiing into Colorado. These images show Minnie Dole in various settings and the last newspaper clippings is from his ski run dedication at Vail. The photos are from the CSM collection and the Dole Family Collection.

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Photos of Ben Duke

During World War II, Harold Benjamin Duke Jr. served with distinctions in the 10th Mountain Division. After service, he moved to Colorado where he was elected to the Board of Directors of Vail Associates in 1966 where he served for nearly 20 years. To honor his relationship with the 10th Mountain Division, he conceptualized and funded the 10th Mountain Room at the Denver Public Library and was one of the founders of the 10th Mountain Division Resource Center. These photos show Ben Duke (Company L, 86th Mountain Infantry) with the 10th Mountain Division and skiing post War.

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Photo of Martin Brusse at Camp Hale

This photo shows Martin Brusse (Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry) at Camp Hale. Martin graduated from East High School in Denver, Colorado in 1942 where he had excelled as a football player. After high school, he attended Dartmouth University, but World War II was in full swing. The country was in need of a few good men, so he decided to put his college education on hold to enlist in the United States Army. In March of 1943, he was inducted into the 10th Light Division (Alpine), which would later be re-designated as the elite 10th Mountain Division. This was a unique, first of a kind group (ski troops) who would undergo rigorous training at Camp Hale, located in the high mountains of Colorado. They would eventually participate in fierce battles in the North Apennine Mountains of Italy. The division completed their harsh winter training at Camp Hale and would later be sent to Camp Swift in Texas for more training. On January 4, 1945, the 85th Infantry Regiment of the 10th Mountain Division boarded the USS West Point at Hampton Roads, Virginia, and departed for Italy. They arrived at Naples Harbor on January 13, 1945 The war was raging, and for more than three months, Martin along with the men of the 10th fiercely battled German Army forces. During the period of April 14-15 1945, Martin was in command of a twelve-man, 50 meter mortar squad near the town of Castel d' Aiano, Italy. By this time, he had already been promoted to the rank of Staff Sergeant. It was during this particular time that Martin and some of his men would later recall how amazed they were to have come out alive. They had witnessed the deaths of so many of their comrades in arms. Through the years, it has been believed by many that the battles fought, and the victories won by the 10th were instrumental in helping to bring the war in Italy to an end sooner than had been expected. For meritorious service in combat, Martin was awarded the Bronze Star Medal. He was also awarded the World War II Victory Medal, Good Conduct Service Medal, EAME and Expert Infantry Badge. Not long after the fighting in Italy, Martin along with the 10th Mountain, Company K was scheduled to be shipped to do battle in the Pacific. This was not to be. While crossing the Atlantic, it was announced that the war was over. Martin would be honorably discharged in 1945 at Fort Logan, Colorado, where his service had begun.

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Photos Taken at Camp Hale by Warren Sasnett

These photos were taken by Warren B. Sasnett during his time at Camp Hale. Warren was in Company C and was a medic with the 10th Mountain Division. The photos here show the barracks, soldiers, vehicles, and various uniforms. Scroll these photos to see a glimpse of what camp life was like.

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Mules and Animals at Camp Hale

There were 200 dogs and 5,000 mules living and working at Camp Hale. Dogs served as messengers, pulled sleds and performed other duties. Camp Hale was famous though, for its mules. Mules carried supplies, weapons and at times, soldiers. They hauled heavy artillery and supply wagons. They could travel over just about any type of terrain, which was especially important when roads were impassable or under enemy control. As valuable and beloved as the mules were, some GIs had less than fond memories of the aroma of the stables. These photos are from the Warren B. Sasnett Collection (Company C, 10th Mountain Division Medic). They show soldiers of the 10th with mules in action.

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Robert Max Brueckner’s Scrapbook

Robert Max Brueckner was a Medic in the 90th Mountain Infantry of the 10th Mountain Division. This scrapbook was made by Robert and details his time with the 10th Mountain Division. Robert was from Maplewood, New Jersey. At the end of the scrapbook, it shows Max's time with the Army Air Corp. He ended up in China/Burma/India after World War II. This book was digitally donated to the Museum by James Brueckner, Max's son.

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Registration & Classification Cards for Roy Arntsen

The various cards here are for Roy Arntsen's Notice of Classification and Registration Certification. Roy Arnsten served with Company G, 86th Mountain Infantry. The dates vary and are hard to determine, but appear to be post war as one card is from 1946.

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Two Unidentified Soldiers at Camp Hale

This photo shows two unidentified soldiers at Camp Hale. The soldier on the left is wearing the Shirt, Knit, which was a U.S. Army issued light weight woolen shirt to be worn in both warm and cold weather. This photo is from the Mindock Family Collection. Stephen W. Mindock was in Company A - 87th Mountain Infantry.

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Photos Showing Soldiers Learning to Ski

Carrying up to 90 lbs. of gear, soldiers skied up to 20 miles per day. Every soldier in the 10th was trained to ski at Camp Hale’s own ski hill which, at the time, had the world’s longest T-bar ski tow. (Cooper Hill, now Ski Cooper). The photos here show various soldiers of the 10th Mountain Division learning to ski. These photos are from the Mindock Family Collection. Stephen W. Mindock was in Company A - 87th Mountain Infantry. These photos are some of our very rare color photos.

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Photo of 87th Mountain Infantry at Camp Hale

This photograph shows the 87th Mountain Infantry, Company A at Camp Hale, Colorado. The men in the picture are wearing the US Army winter or ski caps. Many of the men are also carrying rifles. This photo is from the Mindock Family Collection. Stephen W. Mindock was in Company A - 87th Mountain Infantry. These photos are some of our very rare color photos.

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Photo of Eugene S. Hames in Italy (1945)

This photo shows Eugene S. Hames (Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry) enjoying his R&R - or rest and relaxation. He is located in a small Italian mountain town during February or March of 1945. His son, Tom Hames, notes the GI issued beer and cigarette in his father's hands. Thomas E. Hames Family Collection.

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Photo of Eugene S. Hames Arriving at Camp Hale

This photograph shows Eugene S. Hames (Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry) upon his arrival at Camp Hale, Colorado in 1942. The barracks can be seen in the background. Thomas E. Hames Family Collection.

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Photo of Eugene S. Hames at Camp Hale (c. 1944)

This photo shows Eugene S. Hames (Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry) at Camp Hale. The barracks can be seen in the background. This photo was likely taken in 1944 prior to shipping out. Eugene's combat assignment was 85th MIR, K Company. At Camp Hale his assignment was 86th Mountain Infantry Regiment (MIR), Headquarters company. Thomas E. Hames Family Collection

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Photo of 10th Mountain Division Soldiers in Trinidad

Six 10th Mountain Division US Army soldiers, Trinidad, Colorado, prior to shipping out, fall 1944. Eugene S. Hames (Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry -- Platoon Leader, 2nd Lieutenant) is far right top. Others unidentified. Photo courtesy of the Thomas E. Hames Family Collection.

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Photo of Lee Hames with Mule

Lee Hames, Eugene S. Hames's older brother, on horseback leading a mule, likely West Virginia, 1942. Mule looks to have two packs on it. Lee worked for the US Forest Service and pioneered the howitzer pack for use on mules. Lee also trained at Camp Hale, in 1943, and was an artillery specialist. Photo courtesy of the Thomas E. Hames Family Collection.

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Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry Roster (March 13, 1945)

This roster shows the men that were part of the Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry - dated March 13, 1945. Both Eugene Hames and Dan Fantoni were recipients of Bronze Star awards. The sacrifices these men made were selfless and we are pleased to give a voice to their courageous stories. Eugene Hames received his award for meritorious service in combat on April 15, 1945, near Castel d’Aiano, Italy. In pursuance of his duties as platoon leader, Hames displayed excellent leadership and great courage. While in combat, Hames moved forward to the front element under direct enemy observation to assist his depleted and tired platoon. His loyal devotion to duty under trying circumstances is truly worth commendation and praise. Daniel Fantoni received a Bronze Star for heroic achievement in action on February 20, 1945, near Mount Belvedere, Italy. When other medics had moved forward to aid increasing causalities in other rifle companies engaged in an attack, Fantoni, with a total disregard for his own safety, moved into lanes of enemy fire to administer capable medical treatment to six causalities in his own company. Then, learning his services were need on his front, Fantoni went to the aid of fifteen more men that were wounded. He found additional casualties in a mined area and further risked his life to treat five more men. He is credited with saving the lives of at least ten men. His heroism and noble service alleviated suffering and saved lives. Eugene S. Hames (Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry), Platoon Leader, 2nd Lieutenant Daniel Fantoni (Technician Fifth Grade, Medical Department, Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry), Medic If you want to learn more about these soldiers, please check out our Taking Mussolini's Villa display around the corner to your right. Also -- if you recognize a name on this roster and want to add information about him here, please contact the museum at museum@snowsportsmusuem.org. This roster was provided to us by Danny and Virginia Fantoni and their family.

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to His Parents (Saturday, September 29, 1945)

This letter was from Graydon T. Fuller to his parents and was written on Saturday, September 29, 1945. Graydon starts by apologizing for not writing in a while, but he's been up to the same old, same old -- reading, eating, and sleeping. He just got word, however, that he is going to Camp Sheridan in Illinois. He will be working in the discharge section as a typist. He's happy to be close to home and jokes about it being a real white collar job. Graydon discusses family news and the addition of a baby boy to the family. Again, he explains that he's putting in for a Christmas furlough. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.18a,b

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Photo of Merrill Hastings with the Berthoud Pass Ski School

Merrill G. Hastings Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (Company H, 86th Mountain Infantry), and after returning to the United States as a decorated hero, he joined the construction crew building Arapahoe Basin. He started Rocky Mountain Skiing magazine in 1948—which became Skiing magazine—and successfully ran it for 16 years. Shown here, Hastings is at the left with the Berthoud Pass Ski School. He was a Berthoud Ski School director and a national ski patrolman, starting the ski association that evolved into the Rocky Mountain Division of the Professional Ski Instructors Association (PSIA).

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to his Parents (Sunday, September 30, 1945)

On Sunday, September 30, 1945, Graydon T. Fuller wrote to his parents. Graydon is still enjoying the weather at his location and is patiently waiting for his assignment. He was finally put on alert, which meant he had to wait for about a week to get his duty. He discusses furlough and the rumor that it's changed from 15 to 45 days. He thinks he'll be home for Christmas. He closes by discussing a sick family member. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.17a,b

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to his Parents (Sunday, September 23, 1945)

In this letter written on Sunday, September 23, 1945, Graydon T. Fuller explains to his parents that not much has happened since his visit home. He's still waiting for a reassignment. He said he hopes to get one soon so that he can put in for his next furlough. Graydon doesn't state where he is exactly, but the rain is beginning to clear and it's a beautiful day. The grass is green. He closes by discussing the food at camp and is pleased to get tomatoes with every meal. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.16a,b

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to his Parents (Tuesday, September 18, 1945)

This letter was written by Graydon T. Fuller to his parents on Tuesday, September 18, 1945. Graydon goes on to explain his frustration with not knowing when or where he is going next or if he'll have an assignment. He said it looks like it's going to be a rainy day and he hopes his tent won't leak. Graydon is still stationed at Fort Sheridan in Illinois and says that he sees more civilians coming through than soldiers. He explains that a lot of people are coming to find their children or sweethearts. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.15a,b

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to his Parents (Wednesday, September 19, 1945)

Graydon T. Fuller wrote his folks on Wednesday, September 19, 1945, and explained his continued frustration and restlessness. Due to the letterhead, it is believed that he is still stationed at Fort Sheridan in Illinois. He goes on about discharge and service time. He later explains that he's still staying in a tent. He asks if someone by the name of Dorothy has gone to the doctor yet. It sounds like she's expecting children or wants to be. He signs off "Well not much more to write now. Closing - love, Graydon" -- again showing his boredom and lack of excitement. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.14a,b

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to his Parents (Monday, September 17, 1945)

In this letter, on Monday, September 17, 1945, Graydon T. Fuller writes his folks. He's frustrated with the system and explains that he was able to talk to Jeanette (Graydon married Jeanette Eells in Fairbank, Iowa on June 14, 1946). Jeanette said she wanted to go to college and Graydon asked his parents if they had anything in mind for him to do. He says he'd maybe like to go to D.O., which he doesn't explain further, but sounds like a trade. After the war, Graydon was employed as an electroplater and in shipping and receiving at Doefer's Engineering for 25 years, retiring in 1990. On page 2, Graydon goes on to explain frustration with moving around and not having an address. Although Graydon never says, due to the letterhead and the close of his letter, it does make sense that he'd be writing this letter from Fort Sheridan in Illinois. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.13a-b

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to his Parents (May 23, 1945) | Second Letter

Graydon T. Fuller wrote another letter to his parents on Wednesday, May 23, 1945, because he finally received two letters from his folks from May 4th and 9th. He goes on to discuss food and how busy they've been since he got to his current location. Too busy for a bath - he explains! He goes on to say that he thinks he'll be home in the summer. Graydon describes a sunny day that he enjoys. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.12a-b

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to his Parents (May 23, 1945)

This letter is from Graydon Fuller to his parents, written on a rainy day in Italy, May 23rd, 1945. In this letter Graydon talks about the rain and the sea. He expressed frustration with the pen he's using, but carries on talking about the food he's eating, which is good, and the pills he's taking. He signs off: " Well people, time for me to take a shower. Lots of love, Graydon." Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2015.1.11a-b

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to Parents (Tuesday, May 22, 1945)

In this letter, from Graydon T. Fuller to his folks, he explains that the letters have been slow to reach him, so he's unsure of what to write about. He sets the scene in Italy - mentions that the sea is up and the wind is blowing. He's restless and wants to leave the hospital. He continues to get better and his eyes have cleared a bit from the jaundice. He's able to keep more food down. The ward boy he met is from California. He goes on to explain that they were able to watch a movie, but he was sick of it by the end. Object ID: 2016.1.10a-b

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to Parents (Saturday, May 19, 1945) | Second Letter

This letter was written by Graydon T. Fuller to his folks on Saturday, May 19, 1945, and is the second letter he wrote to them that day. The letter explains that the doctor said he was getting better - the yellow was going out of his face. He's grateful as it sounds like when he arrived he was in bad shape. Graydon goes on to say that he was able to shave and jokes about getting older. Towards the middle of the first page, Graydon sets the scene in Italy - a sunny day near the beach. He explains he isn't having enough visitors. He's happy to have new sheets and beds at the hospital. Graydon goes on to discuss that he's found a new handwriting style and calls out some changes. It's hard to make out, but it looks like Graydon hopes his father has the garden fixed up as it's supposed to be a good year. Graydon signs off with "love from your son, Graydon." Object ID: 2016.1.9a,b

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to his Parents (Saturday, May 19, 1945)

This 10th Mountain Division letter from Graydon T. Fuller to his parents was written on May 19, 1945. Graydon is at the 33rd General Hospital where they have been trying to feed him well but his stomach just won't take it. He met someone that has been sick for five months with the same jaundice as they refer to as "yellow." Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.8a-b

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Letter From Graydon Fuller to Parents (May 15, 1945)

This 10th Mountain Division letter was sent from Graydon T. Fuller to his parents on May 15th, 1945. Graydon explains that he is in the hospital for yellow jaundice. He is upset he won't be able to receive a purple heart. He doesn't have much of an appetite and has developed yellow eyes. He is expecting to be at the hospital for at least six weeks. Graydon expressed his frustration to be away from his unit and worries about what they will encounter over the next few weeks. The doctors think he became ill from drinking dirty water. He is at the hospital in the Po Valley and explains it's very hot. Graydon discusses his new diet and closes by saying that he is lucky to get this unexpected rest. He signs off: "Lots of love home your yellow eyed son." Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.6a-b

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Letter From Graydon Fuller to His Parents (July 1945)

This is a 10th Mountain Division letter from Graydon T. Fuller to his parents. It tells of how he was expecting to be home by now, He explains he will be home in August. Graydon wishes his father a happy birthday and explains that any day now he'll be sent home. He will be waiting around for now... The letter is dated July 29, 1945. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.5

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to Parents (July 1945)

This letter is from soldier Graydon Fuller to Mr. & Mrs. Fuller (his parents). The note explains that he is going to be coming home soon and has been traveling often. The letter is dated July 26, 1945. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.4

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War Department ID Issued to Captain Jewell

This ID was issued to Captain Fred J. Jewell by the War Department on October 2, 1944. Captain Jewell was in Company HQ - 10th Mountain Division Medic.

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Photo of Robert Heron

Robert Heron also helped advance Aspen’s lifts after the War. Heron, a Colorado native, was an engineer who designed passenger tramways for the military. These tramways served the 10th Mountain Division at Camp Hale. In 1945, he organized the Heron Engineering Company and was president of the company until 1969. His company won recognition for installing the famous #1 single chairlift in Aspen, and the construction for the second section to the Sundeck. This single-seat chairlift was the longest in the world at the time. Robert Heron was inducted into the Colorado Snowsports Hall of Fame.

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Photo of Friedl Pfeifer, circa 1940s

The foundations for Aspen Skiing Company were laid in the 1930s, but World War II halted these plans. Aspen Mountain started operations on December 14, 1946, as the first ski area venture of the Aspen Skiing Company was founded by Walter Paepcke. Prior to 1946, the mountain had been the site of skiing using a crude boat lift, and the jeep trails up the back side. Many of the first employees were veterans of the famed 10th Mountain Division, which had trained at Camp Hale, including Friedl Pfeifer, and Pete Seibert, who co-founded Vail. While training with the 10th Mountain Division at Camp Hale during WWII, Friedl was introduced to Aspen. He returned there in 1945 to operate the ski school and helped to develop both Aspen (Ajax) and Buttermilk Mountains. Friedl was inducted into the Colorado Snowsports Hall of Fame in 1980. This photo belongs to the Colorado Snowsports Museum's archive.

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Photo of Pete Seibert, Bob Parker, and Bill Brown, Date Unknown

After World War II many 10th Mountain Division veterans returned to Colorado and helped improve snow sports. One of the most enduring legacies of the 10th Mountain Division veterans was that they founded or were affiliated with some 62+ ski resorts across the United States. In Colorado, these include Vail, Aspen, Arapahoe Basin, Winter Park, Loveland, and more. Veterans of this elite mountain troop also helped with ski schools, advancing equipment, and helped create our 10th Mountain Division Hut System. In 1957, Pete Seibert, 10th Mountain Division veteran, met fellow ski patroller Earl Eaton, who introduced Seibert to the unnamed mountain that would become Vail. Seibert was convinced it was the perfect place and bought the land. Others invested, construction began, trails were cut, lifts erected, and the resort opened for the first time on December 15, 1962. Vail’s history is inseparable from the 10th Mountain Division’s history because of Seibert’s reliance on fellow veterans like Jack Tweedy, Ben Duke, Bob Parker, and Bill “Sarge” Brown, who he met while training and fighting during World War II. Fellow veteran, Bob Parker, joined Seibert and Vail as an unpaid consultant in 1960 and developed strategies for snagging national attention on a shoestring budget. Parker led the effort to bring international ski racing stars to Vail and by 1967, the resort was well positioned to become an early venue for World Cup races. Bill "Sarge" Brown Jr. became mountain manager of Vail Mountain and created an international reputation for his mountain management skills. This photo is part of the Colorado Snowsports Museum's photo archive.

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10th Mountain Division Using T-bar Photo, 1940s

By 1942, the Army installed the world's longest T-bar (6,000') on Cooper Hill. Every single soldier of the 10th Mountain Division learned to ski and train here. This hill is just outside of Camp Hale, home of the 10th Mountain Division of World War II and a National Monument. The ski area is now known as Ski Cooper. This photo belongs to the Colorado Snowsports Museum's archive.

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Bill “Sarge” Brown Jr. Photographs

In 1941, William R. "Sarge" Brown Jr. began attending the University of Idaho on a full skiing scholarship where he became a member of the College All-American Ski Team. In 1942, Sarge entered military service and served with the famed 10th Mountain Division. During his service, Sarge earned five Purple Hearts, three Bronze Stars, and two Silver Stars. After his service, he became mountain manager of Vail Mountain and created an international reputation for his mountain management skills. In order, these photos show Sarge at Camp Hale in 1945, a medal ceremony for Sarge, and two photos of him skiing. William R. "Sarge" Brown Jr. was in Company L of the 86th Mountain Infantry. These photos are from the Brown Collection - as part of the Colorado Snowsports Museum photo archive.

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Letter from Graydon Fuller to Parents (May 26, 1945)

This two page letter was written by Graydon T. Fuller and was sent to his parents from the Red Cross on May 26, 1945. This letter is mostly about his time at the hospital and thanks his parents for the care package. Graydon explains his time at the hospital of him eating, showering more than ever (compared to when he was on duty), thinking about his company, and explains that he's been able to paint. Although Graydon is likely grateful for the rest, he seems to want to be back on duty. Throughout the letter, he maintains his humor. Graydon T. Fuller, Jr. served in the 10th Mountain Division (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry). Object ID: 2016.1.3a-b

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10th Mountain Division Skis & Bindings

Northland 10th Mountain Division skis (S/N: 6294 6_3) dated 1943. The skis are a hickory, steel edged ski for all-around winter use. The bindings are a Kandahar type cable binding. Object ID: 1993.18.1a,b

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10th Mountain Division Parka

10th Mountain Division Parka, Reversible, Ski, Fur Trimmed (Stock No. 55-P-4903--55-P-4909). This parka consists of two layers of windproof and water repellent cotton poplin. One layer is white and one is olive drab. It is fully reversible and can be used with either the white or olive drab side out. Features include a fur hood, button closure, drawstring cord, and a front arm pocket/pouch. This jacket was donated to the Museum by Jon Moller - who we believe is a descendant of the 10th Mountain Division, 99th Mountain Infantry. Object ID: 1987.4.1

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10th Mountain Division Mountain Trousers

From the CSM collection, these pants were referred to as Trousers, Mountain - a ski type pant of tough windproof, water repellent fabric with large cargo pockets on the side as well as ordinary pockets which close with zippers and flaps. These pants were donated to the Museum by Maurice E. Roasberry Jr. (Company HQ, 87th Mountain Infantry).

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Portrait Painting of Charles “Minnie” Minot Dole

Minnie, the founder of the National Ski Patrol System, conceived an idea that a trained ski and mountaineering division would be advantageous to America’s defense. The War Department accepted his proposal and on November 15, 1941, the 1st Battalion, 87th Infantry Mountain Regiment was activated. Minnie recruited 25,000 men over 60 days and began the famous 10th Mountain Division. This action brought military skiing into Colorado. Minnie’s Mile on Vail Mountain is named for him. This painting shows Minnie in his National Ski Patrol uniform. This painting was donated to the Museum by Burgess Dole, the wife of Charles Minot Dole Jr. - Charles "Minnie" Minot Dole's son.

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1943 Watercolor Painting of Kiska

This 10th Mountain Division watercolor painting shows the 10th Mountain Division encampment at Kiska, in the Aleutian Islands. The work depicts a 1943 scene from the 10th's ill-fated foray to Kiska in the Aleutians prior to their heroic exploits in Italy. The view was also captured photographically and is included on page 22 in the two-volume history, Vol. I, of the 10th Mountain Division published by Turner Publishing Company in Paducah, KY 1998. This work was done by Reginald Pollack (I-87th) and given to Frank K. Kappler (L Co. 87th). Frank K. Kappler II inherited this painting from his father Frank K. Kappler. Frank K. Kappler was a member of the 10th Mountain Division. He was the founding editor of "Blizzard", the 10th Mountain newspaper and the only non-government issued newspaper during WWII. It was created and prepared expressly for the members of the 10th. He was also the Founder of the 10th Mountain Division alumni association (as evidenced by the Blizzard edition in 1945). Reginald Pollack was also a member of the 10th Mountain Division and a friend of Frank K. Kappler's. Object ID: 2016.18.1

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Photos of 10th Mountain Division Soldiers Drinking Coors

These photos were taken during training at Camp Hale, Colorado c. 1943. The beer they are drinking is Coors Original, brewed in Golden, Colorado. Photos courtesy of the Mindock Family.

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Photos of Veteran Fredric “Fritz” Benedict

Born in 1914 in Medford, Wisconsin, Fredric "Fritz" Benedict graduated with a Master’s degree in landscape architecture from the University of Wisconsin and then apprenticed with legendary architect Frank Lloyd Wright for three years. He came to Colorado with World War II's 10th Mountain Division ski troops - Company HQ, 126th Mountain Engineering Battalion. Fritz returned to Aspen in 1945 and, like many other ski troopers, became the nucleus for the Colorado ski industry. He designed the master plan for three of the nation’s premier ski areas--Vail in 1962, Snowmass in 1967, and Breckenridge in 1971--and additions to Aspen and Steamboat Springs. Fritz was father of the 10th Mountain Hut and Trail System, founded in 1980. The group built ten structures linked by 30 miles of trail in the mountains between Vail and Aspen, which is enjoyed by thousands of backcountry skiers annually. Fritz was chairman of Aspen’s first Planning and Zoning Commission and also served on Pitkin’s County Planning Commission. He wrote and implemented Pitkin County’s first sign code, which banned billboard and neon signs in Aspen, and helped convince the city to create a pedestrian mall. He was inducted into the Aspen Hall of Fame in 1988 as a skiing pioneer and was honored with the Greg Mace award in 1987 "for epitomizing the spirit of Aspen Community.” Fritz died on July 8, 1995 at the age of 81. Fritz was inducted into the Colorado Snowsports Hall of Fame in 1995 as a Sport Builder.

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Letter from General George P. Hays to Mr. Donald B. Douglas (Post War)

After World War II ended, Major General George P. Hays wrote a letter to Mr. Donald B. Douglas discussing his admiration for the 10th Mountain Division and all they did in Italy. This letter was written in hopes that one day the 10th Mountain Division would be recognized for their gallant actions during World War II. By showing this letter here, we hope that Hays wishes were granted and that the 10th Mountain Division legacy lives on - not only through the preservation of artifacts like this letter, but through our visitors.

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Wave Hitting a Rock at Kiska – Dole Family Collection

This photo, from the Charles Minot "Minnie" Dole Family Collection, shows waves hitting a rock at Kiska (Island in Aleutians West, Alaska). The 10th Mountain Division saw its first actual combat in Italy, although previously the 87th Mountain Infantry Regiment had participated in the assault landing on Kiska, August 15-17, 1943, only to find the island completely deserted by the Japanese. Object ID: 2019.7.11

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Soldiers in Snow at Camp Hale – Mindock Family Collection

This photo shows 10th Mountain Division soldiers training at Camp Hale, Colorado. The photo is from the Stephen W. Mindock Collection. It appears that the soldier on the right is carrying the tripod for a .30 Browning machine gun and the person on the left is carrying the gun itself. Object ID: 2020.12.20

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10th Mountain Division Poster – R. & R. In Austrian Alps

This poster, published by Bob Bishop with photography by Curt Krieser, shows a 10th Mountain Division soldier in the Austrian Alps. It is believed that the photo was taken after World War II, capturing the determination of the 10th Mountain Division Soldier to have climbed that jagged slope to stand on that peak. Equally commendable are the efforts of the soldier who took the photo to make the image of this poster possible, as Curt was in Company L, 86th Mountain Infantry. Poster Size: 16 x 22 inches Object ID: 2006.29.9

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Replica Japanese Hinomaru Yosegaki Flag

Richard "Dick" Over believed to have acquired this flag during the Kiska Campaign in the Aleutian Islands. Often these flags were taken by American soldiers as mementos. The "Good Luck Flag", known as hinomaru yosegaki in the Japanese language, was a traditional gift for Japanese servicemen deployed during the military campaigns of the Empire of Japan, though most notably during World War II. The flag given to a soldier was a national flag signed by friends and family, often with short messages wishing the soldier victory, safety, and good luck. In 2015, the Museum contacted the OBON Society to return the flag to its rightful family, only to find out that the flag is a replica. Object ID: 2015.14.4a-b

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10th Mountain Division Soldier’s Cap, Ski

10th Mountain Division Bernard Greenberg Co Cap, Ski, Stock No. 73-C-40000--73-C-40025. A windproof, water repellent, light weight cap which can be worn both in warm and cold weather. The ear flaps are normally folded inside the cap and the eyelets near the top are for ventilation. Materials are: Poplin or cotton, Wool lining. Color: Olive/camo green. Hat has the original tag inside. Object ID: 1984.3.4a

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Soldiers of the Summit Poster Art

This poster is an advertisement for the documentary film "Soldiers of the Summit" about the 10th Mountain Division produced by KRMA-TV, Tom Feliu, and Executive producer Tom Dudzinski. The film features Ralph Warner, Robert Dole, and Fancis Sargent. The documentary features present day interviews with 10th veterans and shows newly discovered archival films from the 1980s. The painting printed on this poster is by Mead Schaeffer. It is one of the most famous images in North America's skiing history. It depicts a tough battle hardened 10th Mountain Division soldier in full winter camouflage. The painting model was a man named Horace Quick, an accomplished outdoors man and skier who participated in the famous high altitude Trooper Traverse from Camp Hale to Aspen in winter of 1944. Object ID: 2006.29.7.1

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Letter of Commendation to the Officers and Men of the 10th Mountain Division From General Hays and Others

On March 10, 1945 - the officers and 10th Mountain Division soldiers received a letter of commendation from Major General George P. Hays and five different people: from Field Marshal Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander Mediterranean Theatre of Operations to Lieutenant General Truscott; From Lieutenant General McNarney, Commanding MTOUSA; from Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark, Commanding 15th Army Group; from Lieutenant General L.K. Truscott, Jr., Commanding General 5th Army; and from Major General Willis D. Crittenberger, Commanding General, IV CORPS. The conclusion is written by Major General George P. Hays. These letters are from the Wilbur G. Vaughan Collection.

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Silver Star, Soldier’s Medal, and Bronze Star Awards Given on March 29, 1945

These awards were given on March 29, 1945, by Harold F. Miller, Major AGD - Assistant Adjunct General (HQ - 10th Mountain Division). Award of Silver Star: Edmond C. Viard - Sergeant Infantry - Company H, 86th Mountain Infantry Award of Soldier's Medal: Maurice E. Murphy - Company G, 85th Mountain Infantry Award of Bronze Sar: Robert H. Hurst - Company L, 85th Mountain Infantry Jack K. James - Company K, 85th Mountain Infantry Eugene N. Fisk - Company M, 85th Mountain Infantry Robert C. Sabin - Company I, 85th Mountain Infantry George L. Held - Company L, 85th Mountain Infantry Kenneth A. Mac Donald - Company L, 85th Mountain Infantry Norman S. Hennessy - Company I, 85th Mountain Infantry James C. Jerome - Company M, 85th Mountain Infantry Sanford L. Rague - Company I, 85th Mountain Infantry James R. Crist - Company M, 85th Mountain Infantry Paul F. Madden, Jr. - Company I, 85th Mountain Infantry Frederick A. Romberg - Company I, 85th Mountain Infantry Frank Smetana, Jr. - HQ 3rd, 85th Mountain Infantry Ramon Delgado - Medic, 85th Mountain Infantry Daniel Fantoni - Medic, 85th Mountain Infantry Angelo S. Astuto - Company I, 85th Mountain Infantry Bertero Bechini - Company M, 85th Mountain Infantry Winfred C. Franks - Medic, 85th Mountain Infantry Clyde H. Frideger - Company M, 85th Mountain Infantry Thomas J. Johnston - Company L, 85th Mountain Infantry James C. Jones - Company M, 85th Mountain Infantry Herbert C. Muther, Jr. - Company L, 85th Mountain Infantry Ralph S. Roche - Company L, 85th Mountain Infantry

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Eldridge P. Jordan (A, 87th) Scrapbook

Browse through Eldridge Phillips Jordan's scrapbook from his time in the 10th Mountain Division during World War II. He was in Company A, 87th Mountain Infantry. The book spans from 1941 until 1943. Jordan identifies locations as well as individuals in most pictures. He was a ski instructor and participated in the Kiska Invasion. He was in the Officer Candidate School of the United States Army (OCS) during the campaign in Italy. Out of OCS he was put in command of a squad in Hawaii training to invade Japan. After the atomic bombs were dropped, he want to Japan as an occupier and helped set up a ski area. Object ID: 2014.45.1

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Photo of Roy Arntsen Learning to Ski

This photo shows Roy Arntsen (Company G, 86th Mountain Infantry) learning to ski on May 10, 1944. Object ID: 2016.67.12

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Letter From Graydon Fuller to his Parents

This letter was written by Graydon T. Fuller Jr. (HQ 1st, 85th Mountain Infantry) to his parents on May 17, 1945. At the moment, Graydon is quite ill in a 33rd General Hospital and is restless and longs to get better soon. Object ID: 2016.1.7

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Photo of a Weasel from the Arntsen Collection

This photo shows the iconic 10th Mountain Division Weasel vehicle. The M-29 Cargo Carrier, developed for the United States Army by Studebaker in 1942-1943, also known as "The Weasel", is a lightweight cargo carrier weighing 3,800 total pounds. With a ground pressure of less than two pounds per square inch the Weasel would float across snow. It was used by the Army to transport both cargo and ski soldiers, at a maximum speed of 36 miles per hour. After the war it was used by ski resorts, and many still exist to this day. Object ID: 2016.67.36

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Soldier at Camp Hale from the Arntsen Collection

10th Mountain Division photo showing Roy Arntsen (Company G, 86th Mountain Infantry) at Camp Hale in his dress or formal uniform. The 10th Mountain Division had a formal Class A uniform. It was worn for special occasions or when a soldier was on furlough or traveling off-post. Object ID: 2016.67.43

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Learning to Ski from the Warren B. Sasnett Collection

Every soldier in the 10th Mountain Division was trained to ski at Camp Hale’s own ski hill which, at the time, had the world’s longest T-bar ski tow. The ski area was known as Cooper Hill and is now known as Ski Cooper - which is still enjoyed by many skiers and riders today. These photos are from the Warren B. Sasnett Collection. Warren was a Medic with the 10th Mountain Division (Company C).

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Map Overlay from the Wilbur G. Vaughan Collection

Wilbur G. Vaughan (HQ 3rd, 87th Mountain Infantry) created this map overlay for a unit report from February 2-3, 1944.

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